Fresh vegetables are a storehouse of vitamins necessary for the normal functioning of the body. Therefore, it is very important to be confident in the quality of the products you eat. One of the most popular and healthy vegetables is cabbage.

In order for it to reach the table as early as possible and its quality to be one hundred percent, it is not necessary to run to the market. You can grow cabbage in a greenhouse at your dacha. This process is not difficult to carry out, especially if armed with the necessary information.

The best varieties for planting

Early varieties of cabbage are usually planted in greenhouses, which are eaten in early summer. The most popular among vegetable growers are the following:

Soil preparation

The most suitable soil for planting cabbage is sandy loam. It is better to place greenhouses on a hill so that the soil dries out faster in the spring. This will speed up the start of the planting process.

Soil cultivation for planting cabbage should begin in the fall so that most soil pests do not survive the frosts. It’s good if cucumbers, onions, potatoes, carrots or legumes grew in this area before the cabbage, since many nutrients remain after them.

Cabbage requires loose sandy loam soil.

All previous vegetation from the garden must be removed immediately after harvesting. Then the soil is dug up - the deeper the better. The topsoil layer should be about 20 cm. Simultaneously with plowing, you need to fertilize the soil. For this purpose, mineral preparations and various organic substances, such as manure or rotted contents of compost pits, are used.

Site preparation continues in the spring immediately before planting. If the soil is stale and hard, it needs to be dug up again. If the arable layer is not compacted, just loosen it.

Preparing seeds for planting

To obtain high-quality seedlings, the seeds must first be prepared before planting. They are chosen according to the principle - the larger, the better. Usually, high-quality ones have dimensions of up to one and a half millimeters and look darker than others.

The best seeds for sowing are large and dark

To do this, use a special calibration sieve, or lower the seeds into salt water and use only those that do not float. It is important to dry the seeds after this method.

The next step is heat treatment. It will help protect the plant from fungal and other diseases in the future. The process itself consists of placing the seeds in water at a temperature of about 50 degrees for 20 minutes.

After this time, the seeds are immediately immersed in cold water for 2-3 minutes. Afterwards, they are dried until crumbly. To dry the seeds faster, spread them in a thin layer on a towel.

If you wish, you can play it safe and treat the seeds with a special preparation that will kill other possible pathogens of the plant. But for home use, it is better to reduce the use of chemicals.

Film greenhouse for cabbage

What types of greenhouses are there?

Early cabbage seeds are planted in greenhouses at the end of February. Later - in March.
Basically, biofuel and frame greenhouses are used for early summer sowing. The first ones are a small pit, at the bottom of which biofuel is placed, sprinkled with earth.

Then the bed is covered with film. The second option is easier to use. The frames are installed at a height of at least 30 centimeters above the ground and are also covered with film. You can also grow seedlings in pots on windowsills and balcony loggias. But it is more difficult to create the necessary conditions.

Planting seeds

It is better not to plant seeds in ordinary soil. A special soil mixture is prepared for greenhouses, consisting of turf soil, sand and peat in equal quantities. After a layer of this mixture has been poured, wait for the desired temperature to occur under the film. If the soil already has 20-25 degrees of heat, you can safely start planting seeds.

Cabbage seeds are sown in a row in the soil mixture to a depth of about one centimeter. A sufficient distance between sowing lines is 3 centimeters. There is one between the seeds.

Seedlings can be grown in a tray

Shoots will appear in 4 or 5 days. All this time, the temperature in the greenhouse should be the same as when planting – 20-25.

After the entrances it is reduced to 10 degrees. After a week, the greenhouse should become warmer again. The optimal temperature during the day is from 14 to 17 degrees, at night – 9.

When the seedlings are 14 days old, the sprouts can be transplanted into separate containers, for example, with a peat mixture. But this is not necessary - simple thinning will be enough.

But if picking (transplanting) plants is still done, then an hour before this you need to water the seedlings with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. By the way, such watering once a week for seedlings will not be superfluous. The sprouts need to be removed from the soil along with clods of earth.

And the lower leaves are planted in the new soil. After transplanting, the temperature in the greenhouse increases a couple of degrees to allow the plants to take root. After this, the previous mode returns.

It should be noted that the temperature regime in the greenhouse is very important. If it is too hot there, the seedlings become thin and grow tall, making them unsuitable for further transplantation. Accordingly, at low temperatures, growth slows down significantly or does not occur at all.

Crops need to be acclimated to cold

Before the plants move to a permanent greenhouse, they must undergo a certain hardening - get used to the influence of the external environment. The greenhouse needs to be ventilated more often and the temperature in it reduced by a couple of degrees.

Before the transplantation process, plants can be “fed” by spraying with a special solution of urea and potassium sulfate - one tablespoon per bucket of water. You need to use about a glass of water for one sprout.

Transplanting

The seedlings are ready for planting if the plants already have 3-4 leaves. Early cabbage is usually planted in greenhouses in early April. Green seedlings with a purple tint are considered good seedlings. The greener one has weak roots and may not take root. The seedlings do not need to be watered for a whole week before planting; it is necessary to water them generously immediately before removing them from the soil.

Seedlings are planted in rows with a distance of 60 centimeters between them. It is most convenient for further work with seedlings if there is a gap of 30 centimeters between the seedlings. The sprout is placed in a hole filled with water with fertilizer, preferably along with the soil in which it sprouted.

That is, there is no need to shake off the soil from the roots. Just as with picking, the stem is covered with earth to the base of the first leaves. Next, you need to lightly compact the soil around the root to ensure maximum contact between the plant and the new soil.

Ready crops are planted in the ground

Seedling care: watering and pest protection

Seedlings need to be watered at least twice a week. Moreover, about 8 liters of water are consumed per square meter. It's better to do this in the morning.

Once every 10 days you can feed cabbage with sulfate solutions or tinctures of mullein and urea. After each such fertilizer, the soil must be loosened.

Spud the seedlings when they are 20 days old, and again after another 10.

Seedlings need to be fertilized

For active growth of cabbage, seedlings can be fed with various fertilizers from time to time. These can be superphosphate, potassium, and nitrogen fertilizers.

Wood ash can be used as fertilizer. Cabbage leaves are sprinkled with it. Plus, such fertilizer will protect plants from various pests, although they are quite rare in greenhouse cultivation.

If you add naphthalene to the ash, you can get rid of cabbage flies, white flies and cutworms. Tobacco dust with lime will help repel the cruciferous flea beetle.

With proper greenhouse cultivation of cabbage, problems with seedlings rarely occur. But you should still know the enemy by sight. There are several most common diseases that affect cabbage:

But if you pre-heat the seeds, as indicated above, such problems should not arise.

One of the main rules for caring for cabbage is to avoid shadows. This plant is light-loving. Also, a high yield will be ensured by regular watering and ventilation of the greenhouse.

Harvest

You need to harvest early cabbage when a loose head of cabbage has formed. For medium and late varieties, the head should be quite dense. But the main thing in this matter is not to keep the head of cabbage on the stem so that it does not start to crack. Otherwise, such cabbage will not last long.

By the way, with a careful cut of the head, the plant may well form a new head of cabbage.

Growing cabbage in a greenhouse provides much more guarantees for a positive result than in open ground. After all, all the necessary temperature conditions are observed in the greenhouse. And determination, lack of laziness and compliance with the above simple rules guarantee an excellent harvest.

​Similar articles​

Timing for sowing cabbage for seedlings

​Finally, I take into account the quality of the seedlings - they are strong, stocky, take root earlier, develop faster, and are less affected by diseases. Well, in order to cope with a large amount of work, I grow only cabbage, cucumbers and tomatoes.​

How to grow cabbage seedlings?

​Several years ago I had to leave the greenhouse plant, where I worked as chief agronomist for almost 30 years. There was no opportunity to learn a new profession or look for a new place of employment, and I decided to use agricultural knowledge and experience on my own plot.​

​Above the ridge we make a greenhouse with a height of at least 30 cm and sow the seeds. We cover the top of the greenhouse with additional insulation, for example, an old blanket. When the first shoots appear, we begin to harden the seedlings, removing the film cover for the day. After the first leaf appears, the seedlings will need to be thinned out and the temperature in the greenhouse raised to +12°C. After 2-3 leaves appear, we increase watering.

​On the frame, above the shelves for flowerpots and hanging baskets, we will attach non-woven material for additional heating and protect the seedlings in case of frost.​

The sprouts are cold-resistant and can withstand even five degrees of frost, but before germination we maintain the temperature at +20 degrees, after which we reduce it to +10. Savings on heating are significant!​

Rules for growing and planting cabbage seedlings

womanadvice.ru

Growing seedlings in a greenhouse: comfortable conditions and rational technologies

​I must note that our places for gardening are quite difficult. Vegetable crops are known to be demanding on soil fertility and require watering. In our region, the soils are poor. My plot of 40 acres is located on a high bank. A significant part of it descends steeply to the river; on the northern slope the fertile layer does not exceed 5 cm, and underneath there is sand. Moreover, the water is deep. In early spring there is still moisture in the soil, but in May the plants are already suffering from drought.​

It is best to water cabbage seedlings early in the morning.

​Let a barrel of manure or grass stand in a dark corner and release carbon dioxide during fermentation, which accelerates growth.​

• Chinese cabbage is also valuable for vitamins, calcium, and iron. We grow cabbage at a temperature of 17°C: its seeds germinate well even in such cool conditions, but with generous watering. And after 20 days we plant the cabbage on the plot - and this is what growing early cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse is all about.
• ​+16С°​
• ​Manufacture technology:​

Layout

​The opposite edge can be covered with black polyethylene for the same purpose of insulation.​

Let's choose a flat piece of land.

​First, we will distribute the planting sites for each crop, and in the fall we will prepare the soil in ridges and boxes - this is well-drained, fertile soil. Many summer residents optimally use the room at the same time for sowing cold-resistant vegetables - they do not interfere with seedlings, and later play the role of compacting crops.​

• ​When choosing the time to plant cabbage seedlings, you should proceed from the variety of vegetable crop. Early ripening varieties of cabbage, which can ripen in early July, are sown at the end of February or the first ten days of March. Mid- and late-ripening varieties should be sown at the end of March. But these are only approximate dates. When sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings, the climate characteristics of the area are also taken into account. Agrotechnicians recommend sowing cabbage 50 - 60 days before the intended planting of seedlings in the ground.​
• I sow cabbage
• ​On the other hand, the area quickly warms up in the spring, is well lit all year round and is surrounded by trees on all sides, where houses are protected from the winds, and the lower part of the slope - the floodplain of the river - is a great place for cabbage and cucumbers. This is what I took into account when organizing my farm. Since there were no significant funds for its arrangement, at first I made do with a small greenhouse and grew cabbage seedlings in the floodplain. Water for irrigation is not far from here, and enough silt and manure remains have accumulated over the many years of the village’s existence.​
• Now you need to start feeding the cabbage. To do this, we use a mixture of nitrogen, potassium fertilizers and superphosphate. The second feeding is carried out only with nitrogen fertilizers. Before planting seedlings in the greenhouse, a third fertilizing is carried out with nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus fertilizers.​
• ​Mulching with grass strengthens the roots and prevents overheating of the soil. In addition, rotted grass becomes a valuable fertilizer.​

Cauliflower, valuable for calcium, potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus, requires abundant organic fertilizer. Therefore, on March 1, we will put the seeds into peat cubes.​

Types of shelters

​so that the sprouts do not stretch upward and the stem does not become thinner.​

• ​2 side walls - 2 panels: along a frame of 4 boards and 2 more boards perpendicular to them.​
• ​At the top of pyramidal greenhouses there is little space, and the air sinks down to the plants. The price of this pyramid for seedlings is minimal. Such a greenhouse can be moved to a new location.​
• ​We will stretch the film over reinforcing arcs stuck into the ground a meter from each other, fixing it with bricks and boards.​
• ​Using the greenhouse rationally, from March 10 to May 1 we are engaged in cabbage seedlings, then until August 20 we collect cucumbers, and for the next 2 months we collect radishes and lettuce. In a heated spring greenhouse, we sow the seeds as early as March 1, and within 2 months we get excellent sprouts. Then, until August, we harvest cucumbers in this shelter.​
• Cabbage seedlings are sowed in boxes or cups. The key to a good harvest in the future will be the quality of the seed, so large seeds should be selected. It is recommended to immerse the seeds in hot water (+45...+50 degrees) for 20 minutes, and then keep them in cold water for a couple of minutes. The seeds are covered with a layer of soil no more than 1 centimeter. Immediately after planting, the seedlings are watered; further watering is carried out as the soil dries out. The optimal temperature in the first week is +6…+12 degrees.​

​in February and March. I do this at home - it’s warm there, 5-10 boxes don’t take up much space (2-5 sq.m - 10,000 seedlings), it’s easy to arrange for them to be illuminated with lamps, for example, “Reflex”. When the seedlings grow up, I plant them in boxes with a substrate made of a mixture of sand (I prepare it near the river) and sawdust. By this time, the soil in the greenhouse has warmed up, and I place boxes of cabbage in the beds. After the cabbage grows, I pick it again. It is important to form a branched root system of plants. Therefore, I regularly move the boxes to remove the roots from the bed, apply mineral fertilizing (organic fertilizers contribute to the development of diseases), and regulate the night and day temperatures using the vents. At the end of March, I transfer medium and late-ripening varieties of cabbage from winter greenhouses to spring greenhouses, in which I first loosen the soil.​

Greenhouse

​To protect the slope from destruction by rain and wind, a garden was placed on it. Sand from the planting holes was used on the paths and the row spacing was tinned. From branches, mown grass, manure, household waste and turf, I made two shafts 30 cm high along the main alley and three of the same across the site to retain moisture. My trees are planted according to a 5x6 m pattern, so there is light in the rows of the garden, in them I grow seedlings in boxes and sow vegetable greens, when watered and fertilized, the nutrients and moisture that seep deep into the trees also reach the trees.​

​When 4 leaves are formed on the seedlings, we transplant the seedlings into the greenhouse. Before doing this, thoroughly water the plants. There is no need to clear the roots from the soil. If you are going to use only part of the seedlings, choose those sprouts that have a greenish-purple color. Plants with light green stems may not take root in a greenhouse due to a poorly developed root system. Maintain intervals between plants of 30-40 cm. The first watering of cabbage in a new place is carried out no earlier than a week later.​

• ​We thin out after the true leaves appear, leaving the seedlings 2 cm apart, then water them.​
• ​We can provide +16 degrees comfortable for cabbage in a greenhouse - and the problem of how to grow cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse can be easily solved.​
• ​Ventilation, maximum lighting, fertilizing the soil, loosening it and watering will give us hardy pepper seedlings.​
• ​Top: stand boards protruding 60 cm.​

Advice! Before sowing the seeds, we will bury a bag of hay in the ground for bioheating.​

• ​Use flags to mark rows across the greenhouse 20 cm apart, indicating the crop variety with a marker.​
• ​In winter greenhouses, experienced farmers still make 5 turns:​
• ​Sprouts appear quite quickly - on the 3rd - 5th day. A few days later, the boxes are placed in a warm place. The appearance of the first true leaf is a signal for diving, and the distance between seedling bushes should be maintained at least 6 cm. To preserve the root system, it is better to use nutrient cubes or peat pots. The soil mixture is prepared from peat (7 parts), humus (2 parts), turf soil and mullein (1 part of each component). The well-compacted mixture is cut into small layers, each approximately 6x6x6 cm in size. You can also use traditional cardboard or plastic cups filled with the above soil mixture, but when growing early cabbage seedlings, nutrient cubes allow you to get mature heads of cabbage almost 2 weeks earlier, by ensuring the integrity of the roots plants.​

​I take up the free space with tomatoes.​

​Four years ago I was lucky - I managed to purchase industrial greenhouses written off for scrap for literally pennies. Of these, I assembled with my own hands two winter and four spring greenhouses, connected by a vestibule, with a common entrance. I placed them parallel to each other on a slope so that they would receive more sun. The film did not adhere well to the metal slats and was torn off by the wind. There was nowhere to buy rubber seals and fasteners for the coating (there are no such structures left in the region and they are no longer produced). I had to cover all the racks with bars. I got them for free - I took them from a landfill next to the sawmill, where I buy sawdust and shavings for filling beds and preparing a substrate for seedlings.​

Construction of a pyramid greenhouse

​It is preferable to grow early cabbage in a greenhouse. These are varieties such as “Ditmarskaya Rannyaya”, “Golden Hectare 1432”, “Number One K-206”. Seeds are sown in a greenhouse in the first half of February, and transplanted into a greenhouse in early April. Some experts suggest sowing seeds as early as December, and then illuminating the seedlings with special lamps. The technology for growing cabbage is to ensure the required air temperature in the greenhouse - 15-20°C, maintaining a high level of humidity and light. Once every two weeks, the soil needs to be loosened and fertilized with a solution of manure.​

After half a month, we thin out again, now leaving 4 cm between them.

• ​Pay attention! From germination to the first fruits - peppercorns, even in the earliest ripening varieties - almost 5 months, and only seedlings will bring the production of this product closer to mid-summer.​
• ​We saw down the rafters at the corners.​
• ​2 weeks after covering we control the temperature under the film.​
• ​cucumber seedlings from December 25 to January 31;​
• ​A week after picking, containers with seedlings are placed in a greenhouse and fertilized. It is preferable to fertilize with manure or bird droppings. It is possible to use urea or ammonium nitrate. It is recommended to maintain a temperature in the greenhouse of +14...+18 degrees during the day, +7...+10 degrees at night. If the temperature in the greenhouse is excessively high, it is necessary to ventilate the room, but avoid drafts. In warm weather during the day, greenhouse frames can be opened for a while.​

​Tomato seedlings​

​The sides of the greenhouse were covered with air bubble film, and the roof with reinforced film. These films retain heat well and almost no condensation forms on them. The winter greenhouse has another covering - an internal one made of ordinary polyethylene film. Between the films there is a layer of air 2-4 cm thick. In addition, directly on the ridge with the plants, having previously placed arcs along it, I throw non-woven material.​

Pyramid greenhouse with foundation

Before planting cauliflower seedlings in a greenhouse, organic fertilizers are added to the soil. Seedlings are planted in a permanent place in March, with an interval of 15-25 cm between plants. If you place the seedlings too close to each other, the cauliflower heads will turn out small. After two weeks we fertilize with organic fertilizers, the next fertilizing is done after another 2 weeks. Growing cauliflower requires high humidity in the greenhouse.​

• ​When the seedlings grow up, add vermicompost, peat, and manure 5 cm between the rows, ensuring the looseness and nutritional value of the soil.​
• ​Cover the top with polycarbonate or film and secure with slats.​
• ​Foundation 3x3 m from pipes with a diameter of 100 mm will be filled with concrete.​
• ​Optimal greenhouse parameters:​
• ​tomato seedlings from February 1 to March 1;​

Mini greenhouse

In May, seedlings are planted in the beds. The holes are located at a distance of 40 cm. First, about a liter of water is poured into the hole and a bush is planted directly in the dirt. The plant is covered with soil up to the bottom leaf.

​, like cabbage, before picking I keep it on the table in the house under phyto-lamps, then I pick it in boxes. While the tomatoes are small, the boxes stand tightly on the paths in the winter greenhouse. In April, cucumber seedlings for protected ground are added to them, and in mid-May - cucumbers for open ground. I pick up the grown seedlings into cups, place them in boxes and place them on the beds.​

• ​In the winter greenhouse I installed a stove to heat the concrete base, paths and maintain the desired temperature at night. Since it was not possible to make a high chimney, I chose the location for the stove taking into account the prevailing southwest winds. As a result, the sparks blow away and do not burn through the film. At the top of the ends of the greenhouse there are vents for ventilating the plants. But in hot weather and for good hardening of seedlings, these windows are not enough. Usually, in such cases, the film is raised and lowered in tunnels and greenhouses, but I made small windows at the bottom. On the inside, to avoid drafts, these windows are draped with non-woven material.​
• ​Due to lack of moisture, especially at high temperatures, cabbage heads begin to crumble.​
• ​At +18 degrees outside, we harden the seedlings by removing the film for 15 minutes and increasing the hardening time every day. A week before planting, we reduce the temperature in the greenhouse to outside.​
• ​Note that seedlings of annual flowers are more in demand by buyers - they can be replanted at any stage of growth.​

​Warm the soaked seeds of heat-loving cucumbers for 2 hours at +50 degrees and plant them in peat pots.​

​We choose between time-tested glass, durable, beautiful cellular polycarbonate and repeatedly improved bubble wrap. Vegetable growers – professionals and amateurs – have already appreciated this new product. These materials are almost equivalent in protecting seedlings, but their cost, strength and appearance are different, so we decide for ourselves.​

• ​In its corners we will install steel corners 80x80x80.​
• ​width 1 m for convenient weeding;​
• ​cucumber from March 2 to June 15;​
• ​standard seedlings have no more than 5 true leaves;​

Choice of coverage

​At the end of April I pick tomatoes again (20-30 pieces per box). When the early cabbage “leaves” the spring greenhouses, I transfer boxes of tomato seedlings into them. As I sell cabbage seedlings, I increase the distance between the boxes so that the plants are well lit. In the winter greenhouse I put boxes with cucumbers in the free space. Thus, in the winter greenhouse until mid-May I keep seedlings - first cabbage, then tomatoes and cucumbers. Then I place cucumbers or tomatoes in it to obtain produce. I plant the plants in two rows - it’s more convenient to care for them.​

​In winter greenhouses, which operate from the end of February to November, the roof is pointed, gable, high, and snow does not accumulate on it and does not press through the covering. Spring greenhouses (for growing seedlings in March, and then cucumbers and tomatoes in the summer) are arched. In November, I remove the film from the part of the arched roof adjacent to the winter greenhouse so that the snow has somewhere to fall.​

Features of growing various seedlings

​Therefore, the greenhouse should be thoroughly ventilated and the air temperature should not be allowed to rise above +18°C. It is important to cut off the heads in time, otherwise they will crumble. In the early stages of cauliflower growth, plants can be supplemented with light.​

Pepper

​Greenhouses have excellent advantages:​

• We sow the Shabot carnation in January and look after it until May.
• ​Comfortable temperature for their growth is +22 - +25 degrees with a humidity above 80%.​​Attach boards to them - and the base is ready.​ ​length no more than 3 m so that the wind does not break through the film;​​tomato from June 16 to November 20;​ ​When picking, it is necessary to throw away seedlings that are weak, infected with fungus or without an apical bud;​ In the spring greenhouse, after I sell the cabbage seedlings, at the beginning of May, I add organic matter to the beds - it lasts for a year, and
• ​In each greenhouse I made two permanent beds 90 cm wide. The paths are wide (on them I keep boxes with seedlings and seedlings after the first picking). I update the beds in the winter greenhouse every year. In January or February, I remove the top layer of soil from them and sift them through a coarse mesh. I bring sawdust, fallen leaves stored in the fall, manure, straw, plant debris, chalk into the beds, spill everything with urea, hot water and cover with removed soil. Even in early March, the air temperature near the garden bed, and sometimes in the entire greenhouse, rises to 20°. Since mid-July, I have been using the area between the winter greenhouses to collect snow from the roofs. In summer it is warm here, there is no wind. On this site I laid out beds for hardening and growing summer seedlings and for producing greenery. The main thing for Chinese cabbage is a large amount of moisture. The root system of this plant is quite shallow, so it is not able to absorb moisture from the lower layers of the soil. Watering should be done regularly. Stick to the recommended temperature for Chinese cabbage:​ ​the ability to grow seedlings at a convenient time and in different quantities;​
• ​After germination in early March, we pick the sage one at a time into a pot, and only in June we decorate the flowerbed with it.​

​We water very loose soil with organic and mineral fertilizers.​

cucumbers

​We know that each plant has its own planting time.​

• ​We attach the edges that meet at the top to its corners with self-tapping screws and steel plates.​
• ​height - 15 cm higher than future seedlings, i.e. 50 cm
• ​greens from November 21 to December 25 - just in time for the New Year's table.​
• ​the water temperature when watering seedlings should be 2 - 3 degrees higher than the ground temperature;​

Tomatoes

​planting cucumbers​

• The quality of seedlings and vegetables depends on the quality of watering. Carrying water from the river up is difficult. So I bought a decommissioned tank, repaired it and installed it on brackets above the cabin. I fill the tank with a pump once a week. In the vegetable garden, garden and greenhouses, settled water heated by the sun flows by gravity through hoses.​
• ​at the stage of head formation - 10-13°C;​
• ​Save on fresh vegetables with proper care and technology.​

Cabbage

​Aster is hardy - its seedlings will not die even in frosts down to -1 degree. And its picking will provide 400 pieces per 1 sq. m.

After 30 days, the seedlings are ready.

• ​We fix them with an aluminum sheet.​
• ​Thick cellophane is stronger and will retain heat longer. Its width is 2 m, including an allowance for pressing the bricks to the ground. The length for a two-meter greenhouse is 3.5 m, and for a three-meter one - 4.5 m.​
• ​But still, it is the seedlings that give them the lion's share of the profit, because only 1 sq. m can comfortably accommodate 1,500 picked seedlings.​
• Before planting seedlings, you should maintain the temperature in the greenhouse during the day close to the air temperature outside for several days;
• ​to produce greens, and after them I grow lettuce. In total, for a 200 sq.m greenhouse, I leave about 500 tomato and cucumber plants. I consider last year successful: I sold to the population and under contracts with local trading enterprises, in addition to fruit tree seedlings, seedlings of flowers and vegetables, cabbage (up to 3 tons), cucumbers, tomatoes (more than 1 ton), onions, dill, parsley (including in winter).​

​Since I grow seedlings for sale, I also have to take care of the container (people come to the market without it). In winter, I collect shallow wooden boxes (they are taken out of the market and burned in dozens), milk and juice cartons (I cut them into three parts) and the best packaging material - newspapers. The plants do not rot in them, the roots do not suffocate, are not injured, and the seedling soil ball is easy to moisten. I get all this for free, I spend only on updating the film and non-woven material, purchasing manure every five years and the annual purchase of seeds and mineral fertilizers.​

Flower seedlings in a greenhouse

​daytime – 17-18°С;​

​For different species, we must create certain conditions in the room by dividing the space with plastic film:​

• We sow marigolds at the end of March, but close to the entrance because of their noticeable smell.
• ​Only peppers will not become “overgrown” from sowing too early, unlike tomatoes and eggplants.​
• ​The door is the southern edge.​
• ​We use a greenhouse like this: we sow dry seeds in two-centimeter wet grooves - this way they will not suffer from a sudden drop in temperature and will sprout faster. Cabbage will appear first, then tomatoes.​

Seedling care

​It is rational to use various designs.​

For planting, it is preferable to choose cloudy weather or evening time so that the crop takes root faster;

• ​A.Mochalov Ivanovo region​
• I try to save money on everything. There is no other way. If you want your vegetable seedlings to be bought, they should not be expensive, as there is a lot of competition. The sale of seedlings is also complicated by the fact that many gardeners believe that we have “the land of evergreen tomatoes.” But that's not true. It’s just that summer residents often buy the wrong varieties and hybrids, and they believe that it’s enough to plant a plant and it will grow on its own. But if you do everything correctly, the yield of tomatoes in open ground and in our Ivanovo region will be high.​
• ​at night - 14-16°C.​
• ​maximum ventilation, dry air, optimal lighting, deep soil and abundant but infrequent watering - peppers, tomatoes, eggplants;​

• ​We sow morning glory, petunia, and phlox in March directly into the manured soil of the greenhouse, and then plant the seedlings in pots with a diameter of 10 cm.​
• ​Tomatoes also prefer an average temperature of +25, but low humidity - up to 65%, otherwise they will suffer from late blight.​
• Ideal for rapid development of seedlings

Thinning of seedlings

• ​In the center we will make beds up to 80 cm high, supporting them with boards or slate.​
• Growing seedlings in pyramid greenhouses is economical: they are resistant to strong winds and retain heat well. And their shadow does not interfere with surrounding plants.​
• ​A permanent polycarbonate greenhouse for growing seedlings of peppers, tomatoes, eggplants, and salad greens.​

Hardening of seedlings

The planting site should be sprinkled with dry soil on top. This will prevent excessive evaporation of moisture and protect against the formation of an earthen crust;​

Conclusion

​We sow on April 7 (cabbage planted on Annunciation Day is not afraid of frost later) in the greenhouse immediately. If there is snow, we throw it over the crops. It is possible more than once. No snow, watering with warm water. As soon as the shoots appear, water only with warm water. We need to cover - we cover. But cabbage doesn’t like it hot, so we look at the weather. If the night is not cold, then additional shelter in the greenhouse is not required.​

• ​In general, if you want your “seedling business” to be successful, you need to take into account various factors. For example, such as changing the diet of Russians. It used to be that “cabbage soup and porridge were our food.” Now, in particular, there is no need to ferment cabbage in barrels, and the demand for cabbage varieties for pickling, for example Slava, has fallen (since it is not stored for a long time). Although in terms of yield, growth rate, and reliability, this is an excellent cabbage. But it has become fashionable to grow original vegetables. For example, tomato varieties and hybrids with fruits weighing 0.5-1 kg. Therefore, I offer vegetables that have performed best in our region and are distinguished by unusual appearance or properties. For the same reason, I give preference to those seeds that you rarely see or cannot buy at all in stores for summer residents.​
• Chinese cabbage is a cold-resistant plant. When the required temperature is exceeded, the process of formation of a flowering stem immediately begins. If the temperature regime is disturbed in any way, this will lead to diseases, and the head of cabbage simply will not form.​

​humid air, absence of drafts, frequent watering, low boxes due to shallow roots - for cucumbers.​

• ​There is no need to feed the sprouts; watering is done with cool water directly at the root.​

​+20 degrees​

​We will cover a mini-structure with removable beds for seedlings of cabbage, peppers, tomatoes, flowers with glass or films.​

oteplicah.com

Growing cabbage in a greenhouse

White cabbage - preparing seedlings ​Film version - for the growth of cucumbers, zucchini, cabbage.​ In the first days of planting cabbage, shade should be provided. When it grows a little, we thin it out. We are planting for permanent residence in May.​ ​In order to always stay informed, I read periodicals on the topic, go to Moscow to seminars and to breeders, and when choosing varieties, I rely on the experience of large vegetable growing farms in our region and data from the Suzdal state variety plot. It also helps that I am known to many fellow countrymen. They know that I am always ready to advise my customers, I do not grow seedlings for myself separately, but use in my garden some of the same plants that I prepare for sale.​ Growing Chinese cabbage in a greenhouse is justified by the fact that this vegetable contains vitamins, calcium, and iron. The more fertilizer the plants receive, the larger the kaputa heads will be. 3 weeks after the seedlings were planted in the greenhouse, the harvest is harvested.​ But neighboring plants should not shade each other. White cabbage in a greenhouse ​Usually growing seedlings in greenhouses lasts 1 month under the following conditions:​ Cauliflower ​Seedlings must be hardened off by periodically ventilating the greenhouse. +12 is the acceptable minimum.​ ​at air humidity -​ ​The instructions allow frames made of plastic, wood or metal.​ Chinese cabbage ​Optimal dimensions: base - 140x140 cm, height - 320 cm.​ ​The shoots of cabbage and annual flowers grow rapidly even in the simplest steam pits.​ ​An important question is how to grow seedlings in a greenhouse so that they bring real income? And a specific answer: we will get a successful result by observing the main rules of coexistence of different species and rationally placing them.​ ​I didn't succeed last year. Probably poured a lot of water. I had to buy ready-made seedlings. ​I grow myself and recommend hybrids (Fx) to buyers: from early white cabbages - Parel, Resistor, Kazachok, Express; for storage - long-term, with beautiful heads of cabbage Kolobok, Blocktor, Novator, Aggressor, the magnificent domestic hybrid Valentina and the SB-3 variety. The seedlings of these cabbages are beautiful in themselves, and the roots form powerful and are rarely affected by downy mildew. Of the pickling hybrids that can be stored for up to 5 months, Rinda and Erdeno are the best.​ ​Whatever cabbage you plant in a greenhouse, the main thing for these crops is a lot of moisture. Follow the technology for growing cabbage, and the harvest of these healthy vegetables will definitely please you with quantity and quality.​ However, growing seedlings for a greenhouse involves their subsequent transplantation into ridges or deep boxes on racks. It is optimal to plant the seedlings themselves by June 1st. After watching the video in this article, we will better understand our topic.​ ​when ventilating, cold air from the street does not blow directly onto the plants;​

nateplichke.ru

Growing seedlings in greenhouses for sale

Cabbage is rich not only in a whole bunch of vitamins - it is also valuable in useful minerals.​60%​

​First, we will find a place on the site that is most protected from wind and drafts.​

Not very good location of the plot

​To install a pyramid greenhouse with your own hands, you will need to take 4 planks of 1.5 m each and a durable two-layer film covering 1 m wide. The planks are also supports for our plants.​

​In greenhouses we will get strong sprouts of heat-loving types of peppers and tomatoes.​

Construction of winter and spring greenhouses

​no earlier than mid-April and better not at home, but in a greenhouse, hotbed or even in a garden bed under a film

Cherry and beef tomatoes are in great demand. The fruits and seedlings of beef tomatoes are 5-6 times more expensive than regular ones, since fleshy tomatoes, for example the Rhapsody hybrid (220 g), can not only be used for salads and home canning, but also fried, stewed, and stuffed. Gardeners also like large-fruited original varieties with yellow and pink fruits of good taste.​

​Beijing cabbage​

Beds in greenhouses

​After 2 leaves appear, we feed: 3 liters of warm water and 2 teaspoons of nitrophoska;​

​However, each type requires specific conditions.​

How to grow seedlings for sale

​and soil -​

​We divide the beds in it from east to west, which is favorable for seedlings.​

​We connect the upper ends of the planks, and stick the lower ends a meter from each other into the ground.​

​Tunnel film shelters will protect cucumber seedlings in special peat pots, since regular replanting will injure them.​

What varieties of cabbage, tomatoes, cucumbers are best to grow?

​Advantages of growing seedlings in a home greenhouse:​

​a month before planting in the garden

​Of the cucumbers for open ground, I prefer the following: Trump Card, Junior Lieutenant, Matryona, Real Colonel, Faithful Friends, Farmer, Lord. The latter have excellent pickling qualities; the plants bear fruit in open ground for a long time, almost until frost. But I keep Emelya in the greenhouse. It grows intensively, branches well, produces an excellent harvest, and has a strong regenerative ability. Therefore, it should be grown only on a trellis so that large leaves do not shade the stems and the plant can breathe. Zelentsy Emeli are also in demand. They are tasty, sweet, with smooth, delicate skin. These salad cucumbers are especially good in the second half of summer, when the rest become tough and bitter.​

​Vegetable garden​

​How to grow white cabbage in a greenhouse? Exclusively from seedlings. To obtain seedlings, we sow cabbage seeds on steam beds. We dig a hole in the ground about 30 cm deep, place biofuel at the bottom, and sprinkle soil on top. Cover the bed with film. When the soil warms up to +20°C, you can sow the seeds.​

The sequence of growing seedlings for sale

​second feeding: a teaspoon of superphosphate and potassium sulfate per 7 liters of warm water;​​80%​

Biological fuel is suitable for heating. Manure, grass, dry leaves, straw or chicken droppings will warm the seedlings.​ ​Cut out 4 triangles from the film and use a stapler to connect them, glue them or press them with plates.​​All of these shelters listed create a favorable artificial microclimate for obtaining persistent and healthy seedlings, which then bear early fruits.​

​the coating easily transmits sunlight and prevents harmful radiation from entering the greenhouse;​

​We will plant in the greenhouse in April, I also asked for the first time.)​ Of course, we also have to take into account the tastes of buyers. For example, I grow few Savoy cabbage seedlings. This cabbage is very tender, cooks quickly, and stores well. But they take her reluctantly, because they are not familiar with her. But kohlrabi and cauliflower seedlings, as well as broccoli, are being snapped up. The demand for broccoli is also growing because its heads can be cut almost before frost, the main thing is not to let them bloom. If the heads begin to ripen, but there is no desire or time to cook something from them and the freezer does not allow you to prepare broccoli for future use, then simply break off the unnecessary heads. Then feed and water the plant, and a new crop of lateral inflorescences will ripen in two weeks.​ 03/25/14​

It is better to choose large and dark seeds for planting. Soak the seeds for 20 minutes in hot water (not boiling water!), then place them in cold water for 3 minutes and dry them, spreading them out on paper. You can also disinfect the seeds with a nitrophoska solution.​

vsevogorod.ru

When to plant white cabbage seedlings?

Alla Lebedeva

​overmoistening is contraindicated - watering once a week.​
We sow white cabbage after February 1, and seedlings with 3 leaves - from April 1. Dense, loamy, but always loose soil, fertilized with manure, and frequent watering guarantee the successful cultivation of cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse.​

Vadim Ivanov

Irina Shabalina

​Electrical appliances quickly dry out the air and soil in mini-structures, so we’ll put buckets of water there.​

Galina Volk

Leave the top of the hood open for ventilation. We will put the finished cap on the slatted frame.​

How to plant cabbage seedlings correctly How to sow cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse

Cabbage is not a heat-loving and pampered crop, and therefore is rarely grown in greenhouses. But this method can be quite productive for germinating seedlings. If you know the temperature indicators required for a greenhouse, as well as when it is best to sow seeds and plant seedlings, you can get strong seedlings and, as a result, a good harvest.

Proper soil preparation

Depending on the external conditions and climate of a particular region, planting dates may vary slightly. It is advisable to plant the seeds 2 months before transplantation, i.e. until full-fledged seedlings form. If planted in the ground in May, you need to sow cabbage seeds in March.

Since the crop loves moisture, you need to take this into account when choosing the soil composition, making it fertile and light. The best option is:

• 2 hours humus;
• 1 tsp of the selected type of soil (fertile black soil, for example);
• 1 tsp sand.

Sowing and caring for seedlings

It is recommended to pre-treat the seeds to increase immunity and protect them from pests and pathogens. It is permissible to use a solution of potassium permanganate or a selected chemical. The folk method includes heat treatment: place in water at 50°C for a few minutes, then in cold water for a few seconds, dry well.

Germinating cabbage seeds before planting

The planting scheme depends on the chosen growing principle. If you follow the basics, in particular the future picking, holes should be made every 2 cm, and the seeds should be sown at a distance of 1 cm.

If picking is not planned, you must initially maintain a greater distance:

• 5 cm between beds;
• 3 cm between seeds.

Advice. In order for seedlings to appear earlier, the beds should be covered with film. If the temperature conditions are observed, you can expect them to sprout in 3-4 days. Immediately when sprouts appear, the film is removed so as not to interfere with growth.

It is necessary to observe the climatic regime for each period of seedling development. So, at the time of sowing and seed germination, the following indicators are needed:

• during the day: 15-17°C;
• during the day in cloudy weather: 13-15°C;
• after dark (evening and night): 7-9°C.

If the values ​​in the greenhouse are higher, they must be deliberately lowered. This allows you to “harden” the seedlings, increasing their vitality and strength.

When the seedlings sprout, the temperature should be reduced slightly - to 8-10°C. Accordingly, on a cloudy day, a couple more degrees are forcibly removed, since the processes of photosynthesis at this moment are very inactive.

Attention! Excessive heating of the air leads to the fact that the seedlings become soft and “stretch out”.

Picks and secrets of growing strong seedlings

When plants develop 1-2 leaves, they can be picked or planted. The soil can remain the same, but it is better to slightly change the composition in accordance with the recommendations:

• 3 parts peat;
• 1 hour humus;
• 20 g per 10 liters of potassium sulfate and ammonium nitrate substrate and twice as much for superphosphate.

Picking and transplanting cabbage can be done when 2-3 leaves appear

If there is no peat or if desired, ordinary garden soil is taken according to a similar principle, but then more humus will be needed - 3 parts.

Transplantation should be done carefully, without disturbing the roots. After the procedure, it is recommended to shade the crops and increase the temperature by a couple of degrees for 2 days.

Advice. Plants should be thoroughly watered a couple of hours before the procedure. After transplantation, repeat.

Watering the crop occurs according to the following scheme: rarely, but abundantly. Optimally once every 10 days. It is important to control humidity. To balance it, it is necessary to ventilate the greenhouse. It’s better to add water in the morning.

After 3 leaves appear on the bushes, it is time for primary feeding. Mineral fertilizers or a solution of liquid droppings or mullein - the choice is up to the summer resident. The second feeding occurs after 14 days with a slightly increased dosage. For example, they recommend:

• ammonium nitrate: I – 20 g, II – 30 g;
• potassium sulfate: I – 10 g, II – 20 g;
• superphosphate: I – 40 g, II – 60 g.

Transplantation and subsequent care

If you plan to further grow a crop in the garden, open the windows and remove the frames within a few days so that the seedlings are “hardened”, strengthened and prepared for future environmental conditions. Before the procedure, it is better to feed the seedlings with minerals, increasing the proportion of potassium. In order not to overdo it with microelements, you can dilute a solution of wood ash, which acts as a natural substitute for potassium.

Attention! On the 60-65th day, the seedlings already acquire 6-7 leaves and reach 20-25 cm. The color is bright, rich green. Sluggish, sickly-looking seedlings should not be used for planting.

Planting scheme for a 60*30 cm vegetable garden. A similar algorithm is suitable for leaving the crop in a greenhouse. The holes are well watered beforehand. It is better to replant the sprout with a lump of earth on the rhizome. Sprinkle with soil up to the first leaves. Lightly compact the soil near the stem. Care includes:

• abundant but relatively infrequent watering;
• fertilizing once every 2 weeks (it is better to alternate organic matter with nitrogen-containing and potassium fertilizing) or less often;
• It is permissible to sprinkle the leaves with ash - this is both a kind of natural feeding and protection from pests. An ash solution applied by spraying is also suitable;
• hilling, loosening the soil around the stem to free up moisture access to the root;
• cleaning weeds.

Attention! Cabbage does not like shade. Only a large amount of sun contributes to its normal development.

Growing early cabbage. Growing early cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse. Joint cultivation of early and late cabbage - two harvests from one bed. Photo.

Usually in the spring, every gardener has all their window sills, shelves, and loggias filled with seedlings of tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, and more! Also - cucumbers, melons, watermelons... I also want to grow flower seedlings, and early cabbage for the table wouldn’t hurt either...

I described how to grow large and sweet melons practically without seedlings in the article. In this article I will tell you how I grow early cabbage without the hassle of seedlings.

Growing early cabbage seedlings.

This technology for growing cabbage seedlings could be called “growing early cabbage using a seedless method”; there is no need to bother with cups, pots, cassettes and other things.

Growing early cabbage seedlings in an unheated greenhouse.

If there is a greenhouse on the site, and it is possible to come to the dacha in early spring, when not all the snow has melted, then all the work on growing seedlings will take no more than 10 minutes. For this you will need a box of 3 dozen eggs and a snow shovel.

We cut holes in the box as shown in the photo below.

We remove the old mulch in the greenhouse, loosen the top layer of soil to a depth of 3-5 cm, by which time it has usually thawed, and press the box into the loose soil. If the ground has not thawed, then you can use purchased soil by mixing it with the top layer of soil in the garden bed. Make a 1 cm deepening, sow 1 dry seed in one slot, and sprinkle. We don’t water it, but take a shovel and pour a 40-50 cm layer of snow on the box. In general, we do everything the same as when planting early radishes, lettuce and spinach (more on this in detail -), but on a very small area.
And of course, germination depends on the quality of the seeds.

I like the ultra-early ripening cabbage hybrid Parel F1, produced by Prestige. I tried seeds from other producers, cabbage grows up to 1 kg.

Description of Parel F1 cabbage:

The group is a hybrid; maturation - ultra-early; manufacturer - Holland; period from germination to technical maturity - 50 - 60 days; weight 0.8 - 1.5 kg; the head of cabbage is round, dense when cut, white, resistant to cracking.

When the snow melts, if possible, put ice on the box, or pour it directly on the box, the water will stand in the cells and slowly go into the ground. In addition, the box protects against evaporation, and there should be enough moisture for cabbage growth for 2-3 weeks. If you place arcs and cover them with agrofibre, the cabbage will sprout faster.

The cabbage has sprouted, photo:

Growing such seedlings will not be difficult. The seedlings turn out strong and healthy and do not notice the transplantation. No running around with cups, lighting, etc. And what is the point in this running around? It would be nice if we could get an early cabbage harvest in the Moscow region in May! But they clean it up in June, and even in July!

I transplant the cabbage to a permanent place at the end of April - beginning of May, by which time the egg carton all falls apart due to watering and is easily removed. The distance between the plants is quite large, and it is easy to dig them up with a tablespoon without damaging the root system. At the time of transplantation, cabbage has 1-3 true leaves. I replant it and cover it with thick agrofibre; cabbage is a cold-resistant plant.

Condensed planting - joint cultivation of early and late cabbage in one bed.

I grow early and late cabbage in the same bed. The fact is that my beds are of different widths. There are beds 1.25m wide; in such beds you can grow late and early cabbage together.

If the beds are narrower, then you most likely will not be able to get a good harvest of both cabbages in the same bed.
This year, early cabbage was planted in the garden on April 29th. I plant it strictly in the middle of the bed. I put spruce needles around the cabbage, they protect against slugs. On May 7, we managed to mow some grass, but there wasn’t enough for the whole garden bed. I mulch the two outer rows with this grass where late cabbage will be planted. (I haven’t even sowed it yet.)

May 7. Early cabbage. First mulching.

Caring for early cabbage.

Early cabbage grows very quickly. I add mulch as the grass arrives, spreading it over the entire area of ​​the bed. I try to water it 2 times a week, change the spunbond to a thinner one at the end of May, and open the cabbage only for watering. This is what early cabbage looks like on May 19th.

Early cabbage May 19. The cabbage is starting to head.

Sunflowers sprouted around the cabbage, this was an accident. We needed spruce needles. The spruce branches, which were removed from the roses in the spring, were dried under a bird feeder, and the birds were fed with seeds.

I sow late cabbage for seedlings on May 10-15. I sow in plastic boxes, water them, and put them in a greenhouse. Then I water it every day. Cabbage sprouts in 4-6 days, and 10 days after sowing I plant late cabbage in a permanent place. I plant through mulch, on both sides of early cabbage. I place cut plastic bottles around the plants. The bottles are not for watering; they make further mulching easier. The grass can be laid out without worrying about it sliding onto the plant. Late cabbage stands in the garden until frost. I harvest it on October 15-20, there is plenty of time to collect decent heads of cabbage.

After the first week of June you can start eating your early cabbage. The heads of cabbage are still small, 500-700g, but dense. You can’t eat it all at once, so we pick it as needed.

Growing early and late cabbage together in one bed. the 9th of June.

The remaining heads of cabbage in the garden gain weight.

By July 1, I remove all the early cabbage; it already greatly interferes with the growth of the later cabbage.
The last harvested heads of cabbage weigh decently, around 1.5 kg.

Growing early cabbage in the Moscow region.

P.S. In the summer of 2017, I made a video of how I grow early cabbage. The weather in 2017 was not pleasant at all, there were changes in time. I planted cabbage and harvested it much later, but I have experience :))