The meaning of the phraseological unit do. Examples of phraseological units with explanation and their meaning

All kinds of encyclopedias and dictionaries, as well as Wikipedia, give various definitions. The simplest meaning of “Phraseological unit” is given in the Encyclopedic Dictionary.

“A phraseological unit is a stable figure of speech, a phrase, an expression, the meaning of which does not consist of the concepts of its constituent words.”

In one of the most widespread languages on the planet - Russian, there are a huge number of such examples of phraseological units. If we add expressions that were borrowed from foreign languages, then you might think that all we do is talk using phraseological units.

"Throw down the gauntlet"

"Beat but listen"

"Beat the Key"

"Through the Sleeves"

"Leave it with your nose"

A phraseological unit is the root of a concept, the basis, a key phrase, a complete turn of speech, a complete thought.

The word "Phrase" was borrowed from the Greek language "phrasis", which is translated into Russian as "expression".

The concept of “Phrase” served as the name of the science of language - phraseology, part of linguistics.

The term "Phraseology" consists of two ancient Greek words "phrasis" - "expression" and "logos" - "concept". This is the science that studies stable figures of speech.

Phraseologism can be divided into several types:

Phraseological expressions

Phraseological unities

Phraseological combinations

Phraseological adjunctions (idioms)

Phraseological expressions, are a special figure of speech, which all consist of words with a free meaning. Their peculiarity is their use as ready-made speech patterns.

Example Phraseological expressions aphorisms may serve: " knowledge is power", proverbs:" when the cancer on the mountain whistles", "Where there is a horse with a hoof, there is a crayfish with a claw", as well as common stamps used in everyday life colloquial speech:"Good afternoon", "see you again", "best wishes".

Phraseological unities, are a figure of speech in which each term has its own special meaning, but when connected they take on a figurative meaning.

"Cast a fishing rod"

"Getting online"

"To go with the flow"

Phraseological combinations are a figure of speech in which words have a non-free (used only in a specific phrase) or free meaning. Combinations differ from unity and adhesions in that the words included in the expression can be replaced.

"Lust for Glory"

"Revenge"

"Lust for Money"

"Burn with Hate"

"Burn with Love"

"Burn with shame"

A phrase can be not only a complete sentence, a thought, but also a figure of speech, a musical passage, and in singing it can be a musical figure that can be sung without taking a breath.

Phraseological adhesions or as they are also called, idioms, are an unchangeable and untranslatable expression peculiar only to a given language. The term idiom was borrowed from the Greek language “idioma” and is translated as “a peculiar phrase”.

"Neither fish nor fowl"

"Seven spans in the forehead"

"Don't sew a tail on a mare"

In a phrase they call beautiful, bright, loud speech not sincere, hypocritical, not corresponding to the content.

Fraser- this is a narcissistic person who utters meaningless, beautiful speeches. A synonym for the term “Fraser” can be the word windbag, talker.

Fraserism, Phraseology- this is an addiction to meaningless, loud, beautiful speech, essentially idle talk.

Example of Fraserism in Literature

In the play" The Cherry Orchard"In Chekhov, you can pay attention to the monologue of a certain Gaev, which he addresses to the closet:" Dear, dear closet! I greet your existence, which for more than a hundred years has been directed exclusively towards the ideals of justice and goodness, your silent call, which forced us to work fruitfully, has not weakened for many hundred years, maintaining, despite sorrows, faith in a better future, cheerfulness and education we have social consciousness and ideals of goodness".

Phraseologisms in video pictures

Phraseologisms- special stable combinations of words that express a holistic meaning and function in the language like a separate word. Phraseological combinations of words are contrasted with free phrases. Unlike the latter, phraseological units represent a single whole in which the components, as a rule, cannot be swapped, they cannot be replaced with other words and phrases, the meaning of this unity does not consist of the mechanical sum of the meanings of its constituent components. Phraseological units are always reproduced by speakers as ready-made units, and are not created in speech.

Since phraseological units are equivalents of words, they behave like words of different parts of speech. Thus, we can distinguish nominal phrase-logisms (skeleton in the closet = secret, stumbling block = obstacle), verbal (making a molehill out of a molehill = exaggerate, head in the clouds = dreaming), adverbial (heart to heart = together, like a cat cried = little ) and so on.

Like words, phraseological units can enter into different relationships with each other. Among them are:

phraseological units-homonyms (show your nose ‘appear on a very a short time’ and show your nose ‘tease’, let the rooster ‘break on a high note while singing, fake it’ and let the rooster ‘set it on fire’);
ambiguous phraseological units (play the fool 1) mess around;
fool; 3) do stupid things’, put on your feet ’1) cure;
raise, educate’);
phraseological units-synonyms (to beat the head, to chase a slacker, to play the fool ‘to mess around’, to rub in glasses, to lead by the nose, to show off, to hang noodles on one’s ears ‘to deceive’);
phraseological units-antonyms (a stone's throw 'close' and the devil in the middle of nowhere 'far', subsist on bread and kvass 'to be in need, to live poorly' and to live on wide leg‘live richly without denying yourself anything’).

Like ordinary words, phraseological units can be of different origins:

primordially Russian (swim with the flow, a shot sparrow, two boots in a pair, slurping unsalted);
borrowed from the Old Church Slavonic language (to bear your cross without hesitation, the voice of one crying in the wilderness);
borrowed from other languages, among which we can highlight tracings (to be out of place), internationalisms (Babylonian pandemonium, the prodigal son, the sword of Damocles), barbarisms (alter ego, modus vivendi, status quo, persona non grata).

In the middle of the 20th century. V.V. Vinogradov proposed the following classification of phraseological units:

phraseological fusions are stable, indivisible phrases, general meaning which are not motivated by their internal form (eat a dog, put a pig, grated kalach). They often contain grammatical forms that are absent in the modern language, obsolete words (the talk of the town, to beat the head, not in sight); Material from the site
phraseological units are stable phrases with a transparent internal form, often based on metaphor; the meaning of these phraseological units can be understood from the meanings of their constituent words (neither fish nor fowl, dance to someone else’s tune, add fuel to the fire). Many idioms of this type have homonymous free phrases (bite your tongue, roll up your sleeves, wash dirty linen in public, wave your hand);
phraseological combinations are phrases that grammatically correspond to the norms modern language, but containing words that can only be used with a very limited range of words (brown eyes, bosom friend, pitch darkness, downcast gaze).

Sometimes phraseology is understood very broadly and includes proverbs, sayings, and catchphrases.

Phraseologisms

One of the brightest stylistic means of speech is phraseological units, or phraseological units (from the Greek phrasis - figure of speech, logos - teaching). They are also called “stable combinations”, “phraseological units”. The bulk of phraseological units have an evaluative meaning, that is, they express a positive or (more often) negative characteristic of a person or object. A well-used phraseological turn enlivens speech and makes it more emotional. The expressive possibilities of phraseological units are most fully and vividly revealed in the works fiction and journalism.

For example:

“Your father is a kind fellow,” said Bazarov, “but he is a retired man, his song is sung.” (Turgenev I.S. “Fathers and Sons.”)

“Oh! yes, this one will be a good colonel in time!” said old Taras. “Hey, he’ll be a good colonel, and one that will put Dad in his belt!” (Gogol N.V. "Taras Bulba".)

Most of the phraseological units reflect the deeply folk, original character of the Russian language. The direct (original) meaning of many phraseological units is connected with the history of our Motherland, with some customs of our ancestors, their work, and so on. Thus, the expression to beat the thumbs (to mess around) arose on the basis of the direct meaning of “splitting a block of wood into thumbs to make spoons, ladles, and so on from them,” that is, to do a very simple, easy task.

Taking into account their origin, phraseological units are divided into:

a) native Russians (their overwhelming majority), which arose mainly as a result of a metaphorical rethinking of free phrases: reel in fishing rods, fish in troubled waters, meat mud, spread wings, and others;

b) borrowed from the Old Slavonic language (there are relatively few of them): without hesitation, like the apple of an eye, not of this world, a proverb, during this time, the holy of holies and the like;

c) arising as a result of metaphorization of stable phrases of a terminological nature, such as: specific gravity(meaning), exaggerate (greatly exaggerate) and so on;

d) compound household names that do not belong to any strictly defined terminological system: Indian summer, goat's leg and others;

e) popular words and expressions related to Greco-Roman mythology (Achilles' heel, sword of Damocles, torment of tantalum), biblical sayings (manna from heaven, wash your hands);

e) those who came from other languages: look through your fingers (from German), not at ease (from French).

Phraseologisms are bright and expressive means of language. They are often found in speech. For example: “You will pass the exams and you will be a free Cossack” (free). (A. Kuprin.) “Even though Egor is a debater, he is a wet chicken (a slob). He is afraid of cart squeaks.” (M. Alekseev.)

Phraseologisms can often be replaced with one less expressive word. Compare: at the edge of the world (earth) - far away; lather the neck - teach a lesson, punish; walks under the table - small; the tooth does not touch the tooth - it is frozen; notch on the nose - remember; how to look into the water - to foresee, and so on.

Like a word, a phraseological unit can have synonyms and antonyms. Phraseologisms-synonyms: two pairs of boots, two birds of a feather (one is no better than the other); beat swords into ploughshares, sheathe a sword (end a war, strife) and others. Phraseologisms-antonyms: rolling up one's sleeves - carelessly, brewing porridge - clearing up the porridge, hard to climb - easy to climb and others.

Phraseologisms, along with words, serve building material proposals and have essential features.

Stability is a measure, the degree of unity, semantic indissolubility of all components of a phraseological unit. The more stable a phraseological unit is in this regard, the more its constituent parts lose their previously inherent generally accepted meanings. For example: carrying water with a sieve means working aimlessly and to no avail. Here all components of phraseological units have lost their own lexical meaning and serve to express phraseological meaning as a whole.

Reproducibility – regular repetition, renewability of phraseological units in speech. For example, such phraseological units are reproduced as squeezing the juice, not far off, hands off, and so on.

Phraseological phrases are almost untranslatable into another language, since they have a holistic meaning, and the words that make up the phraseological unit seem to lose their own meaning. For example: blood with milk - good health (person); baby talk - to speak naive, primitive, unreasonable, frivolous; wait for the weather by the sea - passively wait for something, do nothing (usually forced).

The openness of the structure of a phraseological unit is manifested in the fact that its entire composition, as one indivisible whole, is usually combined in speech with significant words (words) that surround it.

Phraseolotism plays the role of one member of the sentence: “The decoration and cleanliness of the casket caught the eye” (it stood out, was different). (I. Krylov.) The guys worked with their sleeves rolled up (good, diligent).

In order to correctly use phraseological units in speech, you need to know their meaning and stylistic properties well. A reference book or dictionary may be needed here. For example, the School Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Language, edited by V.P. Zhukov. and Zhukov A.V., intended mainly for high school students. Here are phraseological units used in modern Russian. The authors reveal the meaning of phraseological units, show how they should be used in speech, give a stylistic description of each phraseological unit, and in some cases provide historical and etymological information that helps to understand the semantic content of these language units.

Work of a 1st year student of group No.…………………………...

Phraseologisms One of the brightest stylistic means of speech is phraseological units, or phraseological units (from the Greek phrasis - figure of speech, logos - teaching). They are also called “stable combinations”, “phraseological units”. Main

Phraseologisms are interesting.

The Russian language is rich in phraseological units.

The sources of phraseological units are different. Some of them arose on the basis of human observations of social and natural phenomena(a lot of snow - a lot of bread); others are connected with mythology and real historical events (empty, as if Mamai had passed); still others came from songs, riddles, literary works (there is no beast worse than a cat)…

A generous source of origin for many phraseological units is the professional speech of sailors, military men, tailors, pharmacists, hairdressers, bakers, hunters, blacksmiths, shoemakers, woodworkers, actors, furriers...

The speech of fishermen and sailors gave us, for example, phraseological units:

Keep your nose to the wind - uh That the expression dates back to the era of the sailing fleet and refers specifically to the bow of the ship.

Its literal meaning is “follow the direction of the wind”, “look from where the wind is blowing”.

Hence the figurative meaning - “adapt to circumstances.”

Red thread . When one thought or one mood permeates a speaker’s speech or literary work, they say: “This thought runs like a red thread through him.” Why red and not yellow or green? This expression came into use from English sailors. Since 1776, factories began to weave red thread into all the ropes of the English navy at their entire length. This was done in order to prevent theft. Now, no matter how small a piece of the rope was cut off, it was always possible to recognize that it was from the navy.

Seven feet under the keel used to mean wishing good luck. Initially - in the language of sailors - this is a wish so that the ship does not run aground.

Phraseologisms came from the speech of hunters:

Get into trouble - take actions that are obviously doomed to failure, run into trouble. Rozhon - a stake sharpened at one end, with which they went to fight a bear. The beast died after running into trouble.

No fluff, no feathers a - a wish of good luck. This is what hunters wished in the old days in order to lull the vigilance of forest spirits.

We use phraseological units from the speech of the military:

Stun - surprise, amaze.

If a warrior was hit on his helmet (helmet) in battle so that he lost consciousness, this was called stunning.

Quietly - secretly do something unpleasant to another.

During the siege of fortresses, trenches and passages were dug, which were called sapa. The dug earth was carried out secretly and silently. The root sap is preserved in the words sapper and sapperny.

Green Street – this is a straight, free road, an unhindered opportunity to realize your ideas. About a hundred years ago, this expression caused horror in everyone: then a green street was called two ranks of soldiers, each of whom was armed with a stick, or more precisely, a flexible rod, a spitzruten. The unfortunate convicts were driven or dragged along such a street. Fierce blows rained down on both sides, and often a person died at the end of this terrible street.

Phraseologisms came from the speech of woodworkers:

Beat your head - mess around. In Rus', they stabbed lumps of wood (beaten the buckeyes) into blanks for apprentice spoons, since this work was considered trivial.

Cut like a nut - criticize. In the old days there was a different meaning: to do well. Making walnut furniture required excellent knowledge of the craft.

The phraseological unit came from the speech of the shoemakers:

Cold shoemaker - a person who approaches business without a soul. In the old days, shoemakers working in the open air were called cold, they were less “prestigious”. The word cold meant “characterized by dispassion,” and the word shoemaker meant an inept person.

From the speech of pharmacists we use phraseological units:

Gild the pill - paint attractively; the harmlessness of the unpleasant. Pharmacists coated the pills with a sweet, golden-colored substance.

Swallow the pill - experience trouble, hear the bitter truth.

Phraseologisms came from the speech of tailors:

Handyman - a person who can do a lot. This was the name given to glovers who knew how to sew gloves for any hand.

Pull the gimp - a person who can do a lot. Gimp was a metal thread that was slowly pulled from a hot wire to be used for embroidery.

From the speech of the musicians the expression arose play first fiddle.

The leading role in the orchestra was played by the first violin. Now it is used in a figurative sense: “to be the leading, most influential person in the execution of any task.”

The phraseological unit came from the speech of the bakers:

From the side of the bake - everything random, extraneous, attached to something from the outside. For bakers, bakers have burnt pieces of dough sticking to the outside of various bread products, that is, something unnecessary, superfluous.

In the speech of the artisans the expression was usedgoof. They made ropes and ropes by hand. The device for making ropes was called a prosak. It was a spinning mill with tightly stretched strands. The spinning wheel twisted them. Due to oversight or carelessness of the workers, these tourniquets could catch the edge of a person’s clothing or hair. This often led to accidents.

The expression meant "to be caught in the strands of a spinning loom." Now in colloquial speech it is used in a figurative meaning: to get into trouble through one’s mistake or oversight into an uncomfortable or unpleasant position.

Expression sharpen the laces arose from an ancient work - the manufacture of balusters: turned posts for railings. A baluster was a turner who made balusters (in a figurative sense - a joker, funny man, joker). The baluster craft was considered fun and easy. It gave the master the opportunity to sing, joke, and chat with others. Now this expression is used allegorically: “talk nonsense, engage in frivolous conversation.”

Phraseologisms are living witnesses of the past, knowledge of them enriches our mind, makes it possible to better comprehend the language and use it more consciously. They decorate our speech, make it expressive and figurative. The richer lexicon, the more interesting and brighter a person expresses his thoughts.

Stable combinations have existed in the history of language for a long time. Already in the eighteenth century, examples of phraseological units with explanations could be found in collections of idioms, catchphrases, aphorisms, and proverbs, although the lexical composition of the language had not yet been studied so closely. And only with the arrival of V.V. Vinogradov in science, a basis for the comprehensive study of set phrases appeared. It was he who laid the foundation for the development of phraseology and called it a linguistic discipline.

The famous linguist N.M. Shansky presented phraseological units as a fixed unit of language, reproduced in finished form and having two or more stressed components of a verbal nature. In addition to lexical indivisibility, phraseological units also have lexical meaning and are often synonyms of words. As an example: “the right hand is a helper”, “bite your tongue - shut up”.

The use of phraseological units in Russian, examples with explanation

We use various phraseological units in our native speech unnoticed by ourselves, due to the fact that they have become familiar since childhood. The most famous ones came to us from fairy tales, epics, folk legends, and some from foreign languages. Original Russians include unique combinations that are found only in our native language and reflect Russian life, traditions and culture. Let's try to understand the meaning with the following example and explanation. Bread was considered the main product in Rus' - it managed to become a symbol of prosperity and good earnings. Therefore, phraseological units: “to take bread from someone” or “to eat bread for nothing” are understandable only to Russian people.

Metamorphicity and imagery are the main criteria of Russian phraseological units. It is the nationality inherent in the native language that allows you to understand stable phrases not at the level of speech, but at the level of the language model that you absorb with your mother’s milk. Even outdated phrases, the meaning of which has been forgotten, become understandable and close to us thanks to their imagery. Below we will look at common examples of phraseological units with explanations and their meaning.

Book and literary

Scope of use literary speech much narrower than colloquial or interstyle. Book phraseological units are used mainly in written sources and add a certain shade of solemnity, elation, and formality to the action. Examples, explanations and meaning of book phraseological units are below:

- do not allow the matter to proceed; postpone it for an indefinite period. Cloth refers to the woolen fabric that used to cover a desk. If any paper or folder went under the cloth, it means it remained unsigned and did not go into work.
"Raise on shield"- that is, to show honor, to speak with praise about someone. As an example, in the old days, winners were literally lifted onto a shield and carried high so that everyone could see and thank them.
“Write - it’s gone.” This is what they say about something that is obviously impossible to do due to the lack of certain conditions. In the nineteenth century, officials wrote down items in the expense book about the receipt and consumption of goods. The embezzlers usually ordered their clerk to make a note about the loss of goods with the words “Write - it’s gone.” At the same time, they took credit for the loss itself.
“Was there a boy?”- in this way extreme doubt about something is now expressed. The phraseological unit came from M. Gorky’s novel “The Life of Klim Smagin,” which describes the scene of children skating. When the guys fall under the water, Klim is the first to save the girl. Then he throws his belt to the boy, but, fearing that he himself might drown, he lets him go. While searching for a drowned child, Klim hears a voice uttering the phrase: “Was there a boy, maybe there wasn’t a boy?”
"The Muslin Young Lady"- this is how they speak disparagingly about a pampered girl who is absolutely not adapted to life. The passage is taken from N. G. Pomyalovsky’s story “Pittish Happiness.”
"Bear Corner"- remote settlement, outback. The expression was first used by P.I. Melnikov-Pechersky in his novel of the same name about one of the distant towns of Russia.
"Touch the inner core"- another book phraseological unit, the history of which goes back to the times when slaves were branded. Cauterization caused extreme pain, especially when touching the healing wound. This turn of phrase becomes relevant when the conversation touches on topics that cause mental anguish in the interlocutor.
"Scapegoat"- the one on whom responsibility for someone else’s guilt is shifted. The phrase refers to literary phraseological units and has ancient origins. The biblical tradition speaks of the rite of absolution. The priest laid his hand on an ordinary goat, as if transferring sins from a person to an animal, which was later expelled into the desert.
"Like water off a duck's back"- it doesn’t matter. The goose's plumage is covered with a special lubricant that prevents the bird from getting wet. Water does not wet a goose's wings. Thanks to this fat, it remains dry.

Examples of colloquial and borrowed phraseological units

Colloquial phraseological units are firmly entrenched in our speech. They are convenient to convey a thought to the interlocutor, especially when ordinary words are not enough to convey the emotional coloring of the phrase. Borrowed phraseological units are calques and semi-calques taken from other languages by literal translation of sayings. There are phraseological units that simply correlate in meaning with stable expressions in other languages. Their examples: “white crow” sounds like “rare bird” in English, and the expression “hanging by a thread” is replaced by the combination “hanging by a thread.” Other examples of phraseological units with explanations and meaning:

"First among equals"- that is, the best or leading. Borrowed from the Latin “Primus inter pare”, which is literally translated. Emperor Augustus held this title even before accepting his high title. In this way his prestige was maintained.
“A good (cheerful) face for a bad game”- that is, hide your experiences and failures behind an external calm appearance. Moreover, “mine” is literally translated from the old Breton language as “facial expression”.
“What is allowed to Jupiter is not allowed to the bull.” The phrase was first uttered by Publius Terence Afr. It is used when it is necessary to stop unfounded claims by indicating to the disputant his inferior place.
"Eat a peck of salt"- a common colloquial phraseological unit. This is an example of a long life together. In the system of measures, a pound is equivalent to 16 kg. To consume such an amount of salt, you need to live together for a huge period of time, during which people learn almost everything about each other.
“There is nothing behind the soul”- this is how it is customary to talk about a poor person. According to popular belief, the human soul was located in the dimple in the neck. In the old days, it was customary to store money and jewelry there. If there was nothing to hide in the dimple, then it was believed that there was nothing “behind the soul.”
- that is, have a light snack. The expression is a tracing-paper from the French “tuer le ver”, which has a literal translation - “drink a glass of alcohol on an empty stomach.” It was assumed that alcohol, taken with a minimal snack, destroyed helminths in the body.
“The reins have fallen by the wayside”- a colloquial phraseological unit denoting the reckless actions of someone. The expression was once used in the literal sense, and not figuratively, in relation to horses, in which the rein that fell under the tail caused pain and forced them to perform thoughtless actions.
"Nick down"- remember once and for all. In former times, illiterate people carried tablets with them everywhere, on which they wrote notes for memory with notches. The “nose” in this case is not an organ of smell, but a wearable thing.

Medical and other professional expressions with explanation

Some phraseological units are taken from the oral speech of people of various professions. These include the following sentences with phraseological units:

"The Shoemaker's Breast"- a medical term that has its own meaning and explanation. This is what is called a funnel-shaped chest. The lower part of the sternum is what shoemakers have in mind professional activity pressed inward, due to which the volume of the chest is significantly reduced.
- this is what they say about unproductive work. As an example: in the old days, the pharmacist wrote exactly this recipe directly on the bottles of medicine. This meant that treatment should be carried out slowly in order to respond in time to the appearance of allergic manifestations. If for a patient this approach is completely justified, then for a working person it is an indicator of laziness and indecisiveness.
"Spell your teeth"- distract from the pressing problem with extraneous conversations. Unlike dentists, healers can use spells to temporarily eliminate pain. However, they do not treat the teeth themselves and the problem remains unresolved.
"Sit in the liver"- get bored, poison life. IN Ancient Rus' the liver was considered the seat of human vitality. It was believed that a person who interferes with life takes away free energy, which means he sits in the liver and directly draws other people’s strength from there.
"Holding breath"- that is, carefully, not missing even the little things. In medicine, to clear the chest for a correct diagnosis, you need to hold your breath for several minutes. It is believed that a person who holds his breath will get the highest quality result.
"Rolling up my sleeves"- act diligently and energetically, without sparing your own strength. If you remember, in the old days it was customary to wear clothes with long sleeves - for some the length reached 95 cm. It was impossible to work in such clothes. To do anything useful, you first had to roll up your sleeves, after which things progressed much faster.
"Through the Sleeves"- lazy, slow, without proper enthusiasm. This phraseological unit exists in contrast to the previous one and has a similar explanation. That is, the lowered long sleeves did not allow the work to be done properly.
“Wait by the sea for weather”- do nothing, expect the situation to resolve itself. This term comes from the speech of sailors who, before going out to fish, always monitored the weather and waited for a favorable period so as not to get caught in a storm.

Stable and neutral phrases and their meaning

In contrast to colloquial expressions, which are more figurative, phrases that do not have an emotional connotation are considered neutral. Examples of such phraseological units with explanations and their meaning:

“He can’t find a place for himself”- that is, he is worried. This is what they say about a person who is in a state of strong concern about someone.
"Without straightening your back"- means working hard and persistently. This is what they said about the plowmen who worked in the fields from morning to night.
- torment you with requests and conversations about the same thing.
"To lose heart"- to finally lose faith in one’s own abilities.
"Looking at the night"- that is, before dark, when he no longer walks public transport and the risk of becoming a victim of bad circumstances increases. In addition, there are many examples that a person will not have time to do anything significant late in the evening, since the body’s daytime resources have been exhausted.
"Stay with your nose" or fail. Examples of using the expression: when someone allows themselves to be fooled and does not get what they expected. In the old days, the word “nose” meant a bow with an offering. “Nose” - that is, “brought.” The rich usually came to the officials with money, the poor brought a pig, chicken, and eggs. In exchange for offerings, clerks made decisions in favor of the one bringing the gifts. A bad sign was that an official would not accept his “nose” if he was too modest. At the same time, the person asking remained with his gift, that is, “without his nose” and did not receive what he wanted.
"Wash the Bones"- that is, to gossip, slander, analyze the actions of another person. It was once believed that a sinner under a curse could emerge from the grave as a ghoul. To free him from the spell, it was necessary to dig up the grave and wash the bones with clean water.

In the examples given above, we see that the appropriate use of phraseological units saturates our speech and allows us to make communication emotionally rich and interesting. Sentences with phraseological units add “zest” to the conversation and are perceived by everyone as a completely natural element of speech, enhancing its meaning.