Copyright © State Art Museum of the Altai Territory. Memory of a hero
Stepan Kuzmich Ostapenko(1909-1943) - Chief of Intelligence of the 131st Guards Artillery Regiment, Guard Senior Lieutenant. Hero Soviet Union.
Biography
Born on March 28, 1909 in the village of Dmitrievka (now Balakovo district, Saratov region). Russian. He graduated from the Tersinsky Agricultural College in 1931 and the Higher Agricultural School in 1936. In the period from 1931 to 1934 he worked as a livestock technician at the Pogranichny state farm, on the eve of the Great Patriotic War was the editor of a local newspaper. He was drafted into the Red Army in 1940. Re-called in 1941. Participated in the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940. From July 1942 to October 1943 he fought on the Voronezh, Steppe and 2nd Ukrainian fronts. He took part in the battles of Voronezh, the Battle of Kursk and the liberation of Ukraine. The command nominated him for the title Hero of the Soviet Union. He did not manage to receive high awards from his homeland; he died in battle. For a long time, the fate of the Hero remained unknown. He was buried in a mass grave in the village of Lozovatka, Krivoy Rog district, Dnepropetrovsk region, Ukraine.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 22, 1944, for the courage and courage shown during the crossing of the Dnieper, capturing and holding a bridgehead on the western bank of the river, Guard senior lieutenant Ostapenko Stepan Kuzmich was awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union.
Awarded the Order of Lenin and the medal "For Courage".
Literature
- Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary / Prev. ed. collegium I. N. Shkadov. - M.: Voenizdat, 1988. - T. 2 /Lubov - Yashchuk/. - 863 p. - 100,000 copies. - ISBN 5-203-00536-2.
- Rumyantsev N. M. People of legendary feat. - Saratov, 1968.
One year the family moved to the Samara province, to the village of Dmitrievka near Balakov (now the territory of the Saratov region).
He is an officer, an artillery reconnaissance officer. His task is to adjust our artillery fire on the fascist positions from the front line of defense. This required good knowledge, composure and courage.
Stepan Kuzmich Ostapenko fought in the ranks of the 127th Infantry Division. It was formed on Saratov land, in the city of Atkarsk and in other settlements. The official day of formation is May 1 of the year.
On the night of May 30-31, units of the division were alerted and transferred to the Don, where stubborn defensive battles took place.
At the end of September, the division reached the Dnieper, the width of which reached 700 - 800 meters. It was necessary to cross the Dnieper right away.
The route of the expedition of students of Municipal Educational Institution "Secondary School No. 46" to the battle sites Ostapenko S.K.
The feat of the hero Ostapenko
Senior Lieutenant Ostapenko accomplished an immortal feat during the crossing of the Dnieper. On the night of September 30, he and an advanced unit crossed to the enemy shore. On a narrow strip of the bridgehead under enemy fire, he radioed the coordinates of enemy firing points. The Nazis, suffering heavy losses, went on attack after attack in order to throw the brave men into the Dnieper. On October 4, German tanks and infantry came close to the scouts' observation post, and then Ostapenko called fire on himself. The bridgehead was held. For this feat, on February 22, the chief of intelligence of the 131st Guards Artillery Regiment, Stepan Kuzmich Ostapenko, was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Before us are photographs of the places where the battles took place. These were the heights that the advanced units of the 62nd Guards Division were supposed to conquer.
Bloody battles took place on this rugged terrain, in which S.K. Ostapenko took part, adjusting the fire of artillery located on the other, on the left bank of the Dnieper.
In the background, near the Dnieper, we see the ruins of a house where there was a medical battalion for wounded soldiers of the Red Army.
Memory of a hero. To places of military glory.
Stepan Kuzmich did not live to see Victory Day. In October of the year, near Krivoy Rog, the 62nd Division found itself surrounded, from which not everyone managed to escape. Ostapenko also did not return, and his fate is unknown - “he went missing,” as stated in the “Book of Memory” published in Saratov.
But the name of the hero of the Soviet Union S.K. Ostapenko has not been erased from the memory of our fellow countrymen. In 1977, his name was given to the pioneer squad high school No. 46 of the city of Saratov.
In our school No. 46, under the leadership of its first director Maria Pavlovna Chernenko, work was carried out to study the life of the Hero of the Soviet Union Stepan Kuzmich Ostapenko. Students, under the guidance of labor teacher Igor Petrovich Guzev, went to the battlefields of the 62nd Guards Division and met with war veterans. Ostapenko's fellow soldiers, together with local residents who witnessed the fighting, collected a collection of remnants of weapons and ammunition from the warring parties.
In the photo: Igor Petrovich Guzev and a student of our school Damir Gainutdinov, together with a war veteran, are clarifying the route of the hike.
Students of our school at the battle site listen to the story of a local resident about the battles for crossing the Dnieper.
And these are our students on a hike to the sites of S.K. Ostapenko’s last battle.
Ukraine. Burial place of soldiers of the 62nd Guards Division.
Ostapenko14.jpg
Galina Sukhova, a journalist and author of an essay about Ostapenko, provided great assistance to the school in its search work. The hero’s sister Lyubov Kuzminichna, a veteran of teaching work, also responded. In her letter to the students of school No. 46, she wrote about her deceased brother: “Very inquisitive, neat, honest, truthful, will always help anyone out of trouble<…>and you can endlessly write beautiful things about him<…>».
A large article was published in the regional newspaper about the search work and the Museum of Military Glory at school No. 46.
For the students of our school, composer Stanislav Gorshkov wrote “A Song about the Hero of the Soviet Union Kuzmich Ostapenko” based on the poems of veteran Saratov journalist Ivan Moskvichev.
Song about a hero
Hero of the Soviet Union Dedicated to Stepan Kuzmich Ostapenko
No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten -
These words are in your heart and mine.
The hero's fate is open to us,
And in memory of him we will sing this song.
He loved the endless steppes and the Volga
With the whistles of ships, a string of rafts.
From boyhood I walked the straight path
I was always ready for work and hiking.
And I thought that in life he was responsible for everything,
That people, his native side, need him.
Leaving his home and his job at the newspaper,
He became a fearless intelligence officer during the war.
Reflecting the desperate onslaught of the enemy,
Ostapenko caused fire on himself,
So that our fighters maintain the height,
Immortal hero. He will come with us
And tomorrow, and in the year two thousand.
Let in our deeds, and in actions, and in song
His restless youth lives on.
(1944-10-20 ) (37 years)Stepan Kuzmich Nesterov(1906-1944) - Hero of the Soviet Union, participant in the Great Patriotic War, guard colonel, native of the Dobrinsky district of the Lipetsk region.
Biography
Stepan Kuzmich Nesterov was born on December 5 (18) in the village of Talitsky Chamlyk (now Dobrinsky district, Lipetsk region) in peasant family. He graduated from the 4th grade of the parochial school. In 1927, he went to the capital of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, to build a dam and worked as a concrete worker.
The six days of offensive behind enemy lines became a new combat page in the history of the armored forces of the Red Army. Not only ours, but also the foreign press wrote about this. Tankers of the 24th Tank Corps under the command of General V.M. Badanov cut a number of important enemy communications and caused serious damage to his reserves. The brigades' actions were so swift and unexpected that the Germans mistook them for partisan raids. Raid Soviet tank crews was truly heroic - the Nazis had to remove tank formations from the area closest to Stalingrad and send them to liquidate the deep breakthrough of our tankers.
At the Tatsinskaya station, which the 130th brigade under the command of Nesterov took in a night battle, the enemy airfield was captured, hundreds of planes, tanks, guns, thousands of soldiers and officers were destroyed. The Germans prepared the planes for takeoff and the engines were started. But they had to surrender - the runway was occupied by Soviet tanks. For military services during the Middle Don operation on December 26, 1942, the 24th Tank Corps, which included Nesterov’s brigade, was transformed into the 2nd Guards Tank Corps and awarded the honorary name “Tatsinsky”. The 130th Tank Brigade became the 26th Guards Brigade.
The Kursk Bulge and the liberation of Smolensk and Yelnya. 1943
After the victory of the Soviet troops on the Volga, the 26th Guards Tank Brigade takes part in the Battle of Oryol-Kursk - in the famous battle of Prokhorovka, Guard Lieutenant Colonel Nesterov personally led the tankers into the attack, being in the thick of the battle. The brigade crushes the Germans in the Belgorod direction. In August 1943, she was transferred to the Western Front as part of the corps. Here tankers under the command of brigade commander Nesterov liberate Smolensk and Yelnya. For excellent execution of the command’s order to defeat the enemy in Yelnya, the brigade receives the honorary name “Yelninskaya”.
Liberation of Belarus and Lithuania. 1944
In April 1944, the 2nd Tatsinsky Guards Corps became part of the 3rd Belorussian Front. Units of Nesterov's brigade on the morning of July 3, 1944 were among the first to break into Minsk. For the liberation of Minsk and successful battles in Belarus, the 26th Guards Tank Brigade was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Subsequently, the Nesterovites contributed to the encirclement of a large enemy group and participated in its liquidation.
After the liberation of Belarus, soldiers of the 26th Guards Brigade crush the enemy in Lithuania. Nesterov's tankers especially distinguished themselves during the liberation of Vilnius and crossing the Neman, for which the brigade was awarded the Order of Suvorov, 2nd degree.
Fighting in East Prussia. 1944
When the tankers came close to the border with East Prussia, Guard Colonel Nesterov parted with his brigade, with which he walked along front-line roads from the Don to Lithuania. He, as one of the experienced and talented commanders, is appointed to the post of deputy commander of the 2nd Guards Tatsin Tank Corps.
Deputy commander of the 2nd Guards Red Banner Tatsin Tank Corps (3rd Belorussian Front) Guard, Colonel Stepan Nesterov, in October 1944 led the crossing of the Pissa River by formations and corps units in the area settlement Kassuben, located 14 kilometers south of the city of Stalluponen, now the city of Nesterov, Kaliningrad region, and ensured their further successful actions.
On the morning of October 16, the Gumbinnen offensive operation began. To pursue the retreating enemy along the current Kaliningrad-Nesterov highway, units of the 2nd Guards Tatsin Red Banner Tank Corps were brought into battle. The tankers attacked scattered enemy units, moving further and further into East Prussia. They acted decisively on the left flank, where the offensive of the 26th Tank and 4th Motorized Rifle Brigades was coordinated by Stepan Kuzmich Nesterov.
One of the difficult obstacles on the way of the Soviet troops was the Pissa River. When our tanks came close to the river, the enemy met them with strong artillery fire. Guard Colonel Nesterov, choosing the most vulnerable place in the enemy defenses, ordered tank landings to cross Pissa. The enemy least expected an attack from the swampy area of the river. At the town of Kassuben the river was crossed.
Developing the offensive, the tankers, supported by a motorized rifle brigade, reached the city of Stallupönen. At the height of the battle on October 20, 1944, Guard Colonel Stepan Kuzmich Nesterov died west of the town of Kassuben (now the village of Ilinskoye, Nesterovsky district, Kaliningrad region). However, the operation, begun under the skillful leadership of S.K. Nesterov, was completed with honor. The city of Stallupönen was taken by his subordinates, and the German division
Stepan Kuzmich Dvoinos- professional artist, painter, master of psychological portrait, teacher.Stepan Kuzmich was born on April 7, 1923 in the village. Romanovo in Altai. In 1935, the family of the future artist moved to Novokuznetsk, where S.K. Dvoinos began visiting the art studio at the Palace of Pioneers, studying under the guidance of A.F. Perlov, who instilled in him a love of fine art and a desire to enter an art school. But the Great Patriotic War, which began in 1941, made its own adjustments.
During the war, S.K. Dvoinos worked first as a mechanic and then as an artist-agitator at a metallurgical plant. After the end of the war, he entered the Alma-Ata Art School, from which he graduated in 1949. In the same year, Stepan Kuzmich was enrolled in the stained glass department of the Vilnius Institute of Monumental and Decorative Arts. After the third year of the institute, he transferred to the painting department of the Riga Academy of Arts, where he began to study in the class of Professor J.H. Tilberg.
After graduating from the academy in 1956, S.K. Dvoinos moved to Irkutsk. He taught drawing and painting at the Irkutsk Art School, worked a lot as a painter, exhibited his works at exhibitions, the first of which was an exhibition of works by artists from Siberia and Far East in Irkutsk (1956).
Dvoinos S.K. Construction of Koksokhim. 1979
In 1959, the artist began to live in the city of Shelekhov, Irkutsk region. During this period, he actively worked creatively and was engaged in social activities.
The artist enthusiastically followed the construction of the aluminum smelter, painting portraits of young builders and industrial landscapes. He constantly participated in exhibitions, including showing his works in clubs and schools, and organized an art studio at the builders' club.
And in 1964 he held his first personal exhibition in Shelekhov.
In 1961, Stepan Kuzmich Dvoinos became a member of the Union of Artists of the USSR.
Stepan Kuzmich Dvoinos passed away in 1992, leaving a large creative legacy, which is now kept in the Irkutsk Regional Art Museum and the State Art Museum of the Altai Territory. These are portraits, landscapes and thematic compositions showing the artist’s contemporaries, the beauty of the nature of Baikal and Altai, testifying to the great skill of the painter, who continues in his works the best traditions of realistic painting late XIX- beginning of the 20th century
The exposition of the anniversary mini-exhibition of S. K. Dvoinos presents two works by the artist from the collection of the State Art Museum of the Altai Territory. This is “Portrait of the artist from Baikalsk V. A. Zverev” of 1989, distinguished by the accuracy and sharpness of the image of the person being portrayed, and the painting “Koksohim being built” of 1979, reliably reflecting the atmosphere and rhythms of a large construction site.
Project curator Elena Ilyinichna Darius,
senior researcher in the sector "Domestic art of the XX-XXI centuries"
Research Department of the State Chemical Engineering AcademyMuseum address: st. M. Gorky, 16
Opening hours: from 10.00 to 18.00
Day off: Monday, Tuesday
Phone numbers for inquiries: 50-22-29, 50-22-27
Stepan Kuzmich Nesterov(1906-1944) - Hero of the Soviet Union, participant in the Great Patriotic War, guard colonel, native of the Dobrinsky district of the Lipetsk region.
Biography
Stepan Kuzmich Nesterov was born on December 18, 1906 in the village of Talitsky Chamlyk (now Dobrinsky district, Lipetsk region) into a peasant family. He graduated from the 4th grade of the parochial school. In 1927, he went to the capital of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, to build a dam and worked as a concrete worker.
The six days of offensive behind enemy lines became a new combat page in the history of the armored forces of the Red Army. Not only ours, but also the foreign press wrote about this. Tankers of the 24th Tank Corps under the command of General V.M. Badanov cut a number of important enemy communications and caused serious damage to his reserves. The brigades' actions were so swift and unexpected that the Germans mistook them for partisan raids. The raid by Soviet tankers was truly heroic - the Nazis had to remove tank formations from the area closest to Stalingrad and send them to liquidate the deep breakthrough of our tankers.
Awards
An excerpt characterizing Nesterov, Stepan Kuzmich
While such conversations took place in the reception room and in the princess's rooms, the carriage with Pierre (who was sent for) and with Anna Mikhailovna (who found it necessary to go with him) drove into the courtyard of Count Bezukhy. When the wheels of the carriage sounded softly on the straw spread under the windows, Anna Mikhailovna, turning to her companion with comforting words, was convinced that he was sleeping in the corner of the carriage, and woke him up. Having woken up, Pierre followed Anna Mikhailovna out of the carriage and then only thought about the meeting with his dying father that awaited him. He noticed that they drove up not to the front entrance, but to the back entrance. While he was getting off the step, two people in bourgeois clothes hurriedly ran away from the entrance into the shadow of the wall. Pausing, Pierre saw several more similar people in the shadows of the house on both sides. But neither Anna Mikhailovna, nor the footman, nor the coachman, who could not help but see these people, paid no attention to them. Therefore, this is so necessary, Pierre decided to himself and followed Anna Mikhailovna. Anna Mikhailovna walked with hasty steps up the dimly lit narrow stone staircase, calling Pierre, who was lagging behind her, who, although he did not understand why he had to go to the count at all, and even less why he had to go up the back stairs, but , judging by the confidence and haste of Anna Mikhailovna, he decided to himself that this was necessary. Halfway up the stairs, they were almost knocked down by some people with buckets, who, clattering with their boots, ran towards them. These people pressed against the wall to let Pierre and Anna Mikhailovna through, and did not show the slightest surprise at the sight of them.
– Are there half princesses here? – Anna Mikhailovna asked one of them...
“Here,” answered the footman to the brave ones, in a loud voice, as if now everything was already possible - the door to the left, mother.
“Maybe the count didn’t call me,” Pierre said as he walked out onto the platform, “I would have gone to my place.”
Anna Mikhailovna stopped to catch up with Pierre.
- Ah, mon ami! - she said with the same gesture as in the morning with her son, touching his hand: - croyez, que je souffre autant, que vous, mais soyez homme. [Believe me, I suffer no less than you, but be a man.]
- Right, I'll go? - asked Pierre, looking affectionately through his glasses at Anna Mikhailovna.
- Ah, mon ami, oubliez les torts qu"on a pu avoir envers vous, pensez que c"est votre pere... peut etre a l"agonie. - She sighed. - Je vous ai tout de suite aime comme mon fils. Fiez vous a moi, Pierre. [Forget, my friend, what was wronged against you. Remember that this is your father... Maybe in agony. I immediately loved you like a son. Trust me, Pierre. I will not forget your interests.]
Pierre did not understand anything; again it seemed to him even more strongly that all this should be so, and he obediently followed Anna Mikhailovna, who was already opening the door.
The door opened into the front and back. An old servant of the princesses sat in the corner and knitted a stocking. Pierre had never been to this half, did not even imagine the existence of such chambers. Anna Mikhailovna asked the girl who was ahead of them, with a decanter on a tray (calling her sweet and darling) about the health of the princesses and dragged Pierre further along the stone corridor. From the corridor, the first door to the left led to the princesses' living rooms. The maid, with the decanter, in a hurry (as everything was done in a hurry at that moment in this house) did not close the door, and Pierre and Anna Mikhailovna, passing by, involuntarily looked into the room where the eldest princess and Prince Vasily. Seeing those passing by, Prince Vasily made an impatient movement and leaned back; The princess jumped up and with a desperate gesture slammed the door with all her might, closing it.
This gesture was so unlike the princess’s usual calmness, the fear expressed on Prince Vasily’s face was so uncharacteristic of his importance that Pierre stopped, questioningly, through his glasses, looked at his leader.
Anna Mikhailovna did not express surprise, she only smiled slightly and sighed, as if showing that she had expected all this.
“Soyez homme, mon ami, c"est moi qui veillerai a vos interets, [Be a man, my friend, I will look after your interests.] - she said in response to his gaze and walked even faster down the corridor.
Pierre did not understand what the matter was, and even less what veiller a vos interets meant, [to look after your interests,] but he understood that all this should be so. They walked through the corridor into a dimly lit hall adjacent to the count's reception room. It was one of those cold and luxurious rooms that Pierre knew from the front porch. But even in this room, in the middle, there was an empty bathtub and water was spilled on the carpet. A servant and a clerk with a censer came out to meet them on tiptoe, not paying attention to them. They entered a reception room familiar to Pierre with two Italian windows, access to the winter garden, with a large bust and a full-length portrait of Catherine. All the same people, in almost the same positions, sat whispering in the waiting room. Everyone fell silent and looked back at Anna Mikhailovna who had entered, with her tear-stained, pale face, and at the fat, big Pierre, who, with his head down, obediently followed her.
Anna Mikhailovna's face expressed the consciousness that the decisive moment had arrived; She, with the manner of a businesslike St. Petersburg lady, entered the room, not letting Pierre go, even bolder than in the morning. She felt that since she was leading the one whom the dying man wanted to see, her reception was guaranteed. Having quickly glanced at everyone who was in the room, and noticing the count's confessor, she, not only bending over, but suddenly becoming smaller in stature, swam up to the confessor with a shallow amble and respectfully accepted the blessing of one, then another clergyman.
“Thank God we made it,” she said to the clergyman, “all of us, my family, were so afraid.” This young man is the count’s son,” she added more quietly. - A terrible moment!
Having uttered these words, she approached the doctor.
“Cher docteur,” she told him, “ce jeune homme est le fils du comte... y a t il de l"espoir? [This young man is the son of a count... Is there hope?]
The doctor silently, with a quick movement, raised his eyes and shoulders upward. Anna Mikhailovna raised her shoulders and eyes with exactly the same movement, almost closing them, sighed and walked away from the doctor to Pierre. She especially respectfully and tenderly sadly addressed Pierre.
“Ayez confiance en Sa misericorde, [Trust in His mercy,”] she told him, showing him a sofa to sit down to wait for her, she silently walked towards the door that everyone was looking at, and following the barely audible sound of this door, disappeared behind it.
Pierre, having decided to obey his leader in everything, went to the sofa that she showed him. As soon as Anna Mikhailovna disappeared, he noticed that the glances of everyone in the room turned to him with more than curiosity and sympathy. He noticed that everyone was whispering, pointing at him with their eyes, as if with fear and even servility. He was shown respect that had never been shown before: a lady unknown to him, who was speaking with the clergy, stood up from her seat and invited him to sit down, the adjutant picked up the glove that Pierre had dropped and handed it to him; the doctors fell silent respectfully as he passed them, and stood aside to give him room. Pierre wanted to sit in another place first, so as not to embarrass the lady; he wanted to lift his glove himself and go around the doctors, who were not standing in the road at all; but he suddenly felt that this would be indecent, he felt that this night he was a person who was obliged to perform some terrible ritual expected by everyone, and that therefore he had to accept services from everyone. He silently accepted the glove from the adjutant, sat down in the lady's place, putting his big hands on his symmetrically extended knees, in the naive pose of an Egyptian statue, and decided to himself that all this should be exactly like this and that this evening, in order not to get lost and not do anything stupid, he should not act according to his own considerations, but should be left to himself completely at the will of those who led him.
Less than two minutes had passed when Prince Vasily, in his caftan with three stars, majestically, holding his head high, entered the room. He seemed thinner since the morning; his eyes were larger than usual when he looked around the room and saw Pierre. He walked up to him, took his hand (which he had never done before) and pulled it down, as if he wanted to test whether it was holding firmly.
- Courage, courage, mon ami. Il a demande a vous voir. C"est bien... [Don't be discouraged, don't be discouraged, my friend. He wanted to see you. That's good...] - and he wanted to go.
But Pierre considered it necessary to ask:
- How is your health…
He hesitated, not knowing whether it was proper to call a dying man a count; he was ashamed to call him father.
– Il a eu encore un coup, il y a une demi heure. There was another blow. Courage, mon ami... [Half an hour ago he had another stroke. Don't be discouraged, my friend...]
Pierre was in such a state of confusion of thought that when he heard the word “blow,” he imagined the blow of some body. He looked at Prince Vasily, perplexed, and only then realized that a blow was a disease. Prince Vasily said a few words to Lorren as he walked and walked through the door on tiptoe. He could not walk on tiptoes and awkwardly bounced his whole body. The eldest princess followed him, then the clergy and clerks passed, and people (servants) also walked through the door. Movement was heard behind this door, and finally, with the same pale, but firm face in the performance of duty, Anna Mikhailovna ran out and, touching Pierre’s hand, said:
– La bonte divine est inepuisable. C"est la ceremonie de l"extreme onction qui va commencer. Venez. [God's mercy is inexhaustible. The unction will begin now. Let's go.]
Pierre walked through the door, stepping on the soft carpet, and noticed that the adjutant, and the unfamiliar lady, and some other servant, all followed him, as if now there was no need to ask permission to enter this room.
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