Block-frame house: construction features

Very often, before building a house, future new settlers want to find out what material is best to use for construction. Today, one of the most acceptable, relatively inexpensive and convenient materials are frame blocks. The construction of houses is a very costly, time-consuming and long process, but frame-block houses reduce them to a minimum. In general, building a frame house means saving not only money, but also time. It is light in weight, it is built in a short time, and it does not require huge investments of money. First of all, let's compare the characteristics of a frame-block, brick-block or concrete house, find out all the pros and cons of building a frame structure.

Construction of a frame-block house, its advantages

The main advantage of the frame type of construction is the convenience and speed of construction from the very beginning. Such structures can be made in 3-4 months, as they are quite simple to assemble, they can even be compared with the Lego constructor.

The project of a frame house is developed taking into account the tastes, needs and capabilities of the customer, its walls can be made in one piece right at the factory.

It is very important to provide a new residential building with good ventilation. Brick-block and panel houses are built for quite a long time, they require the provision of load-bearing walls, volumetric construction costs, payment to workers and many other factors.

Unlike them, frame-block houses are easily built from a series of load-bearing columns, while they can have beautiful three-dimensional elements and, due to their low weight, a light monolithic foundation.

Frame-block houses are easy to decorate:

attic;
balconies;
bay windows;
elements of external decor.

Planning on average takes from several days to a week. The reliability and quality of a block-frame house is no less than that of a concrete or brick-block house; this type of building is durable and wear-resistant, subject to the correct construction technology.

Scheme of the device frame-block house

The terms of construction of frame-block houses range from 3 to 4 months.

If the house is made according to Canadian technology, then monolithic slabs do not require additional effort and labor in installation.

Its distinctive disadvantages are the service life, which varies from 30 to 100 years. Of course, such a residential building will not stand for centuries, like a stone type of building, but for one or two generations it will serve as an economical housing option.

Foundation construction

A block house is built on a light foundation that does not go through the shrinkage stage, like a brick-panel house. However, it serves as a good and durable foundation. For the construction of a private structure, a shallow type of foundation is usually used. Its price is minimal, it can also be built by hand.

Shallow foundation device

The layout of the foundation for one-story houses and for houses with several floors is varied. In order to build a monolithic foundation for one-story houses, they determine the place and create a site plan, its surface is leveled and marked out.

Then the trench is dug, waterproofed, and only after that the formwork is installed. Of course, foundation reinforcement is necessary even for a structure such as frame-block.

The last stage of building a foundation with your own hands includes pouring concrete with a mixture and drying. To date, there is a huge amount of information on how to build a monolithic foundation for a house with your own hands, no matter what type of house you are going to build.

However, it should be taken into account even before construction that the disadvantages of a shallow foundation are the inability to use it for other wall structures.

Scheme of the strip foundation with insulation

If you decide to build a residential brick house, then the foundation will have to be laid again. It may be much more profitable to build a monolithic foundation with a conventional deepening if you plan to rebuild your house in the next 10-20 years.

Construction, planning and laying the walls of a frame-block house

The project for the construction of a frame-block house involves the laying of pre-prepared walls.

Usually, a frame-block type of house is assembled according to three main types of technologies:

frame-block;
frame;
panel.

The frame type of walls and their layout consists in using the main frame for mounting a series of enclosing elements and partitions. In contrast, panel walls do not require any additional reinforcements.

Scheme of the device of a wooden frame-block house

Frame-block walls require both types of construction - despite the fact that they are load-bearing, they still need additional reinforcement. This is where a wooden frame comes in handy. Thus, there is not only a strengthening of the blocks, but also additional insulation.

To date, the series of monolithic volumetric blocks made of OSB have become the most popular. They are lightweight and glued together with environmentally friendly materials.

Scheme of nodes, joints, markings and fastening of the constituent elements of a frame-block house

At first glance, it may seem that such walls are fire hazardous and short-lived. In fact, when building a house from frame blocks, all load-bearing elements are carefully treated with fire-retardant mixtures, including insulation, which prevent fire.

In addition, fire-resistant materials are attached as cladding, which increases fire resistance and brings the data closer to the level of a brick-and-block house. So, the opinion of many people that a wooden house is flammable is just a myth.

The device of the pediment of a frame-block house

In the event that the planning and further construction of such a house will be done by hand, then it must be taken into account that GKL sheets are best suited for sheathing. They are applied in 2 layers after all the frame elements have been treated with fire retardant solutions, dried and additionally insulated.

It is best to sheathe the house with sheets of drywall, and in 2 layers.

Roof construction and installation

Mounting the roof of a frame-block house is best done using a truss system. This type of roof is easy to make with your own hands.

Depending on the design of the house, two types of rafters are installed:

oblique;
hanging.

The hanging roofing system has its disadvantages, it is not suitable for large buildings and can sag. The first is more reliable, its choice is mandatory if the building has a wide format. In this case, it does not sag and is reinforced with a special support if necessary.

The main types of truss systems for frame-block houses

You will need to buy additional materials for fastening, such as: galvanized nails, brackets, metal staples and studs. First you need to attach the timber to the bearing walls to evenly distribute the load.

The support beam has dimensions of 150 by 150 mm, its fastening is carried out after measurements on the base of the concrete blind area covered with roofing material. Next, you will need to install a series of rafters from the end sides at a distance of no more than 1.5 m.

The next stage is a crate, which is divided into two types:

solid;
thinned out.

The first is used in the case when the coating is rolled and soft. The thinned sheathing system is suitable for all other types of roofing. The size between the elements of the lattice must be calculated based on the dimensions of the tiles of the roofing material.

The design of the standard roof of a frame-block house

When the crate is finished, proceed to the waterproofing and make the roof insulation. After completing a series of works on the installation of the roof, the final stage follows - the choice of roofing. They can serve as a metal tile, which is inexpensive, efficient in operation and durable.

Installation of the floor structure and its insulation

Most often, the floor in frame houses is laid immediately after laying the foundation. Many experts advise using wood as a mounting material. If you lay the floor with your own hands, then use boards about 50 mm thick, and measure their width equal to the width of the foundation.

An example of a floor layout in a frame-block house

Before laying the timber, waterproofing is carried out using roofing material. Then mark the holes for the anchor and drill. If the width of the building is more than 3 meters, then the floor will require the installation of additional supports.

Pillars play this role, ordinary red brick is used to create them, and concrete with a reinforcing mesh is used for the base. After the wooden beam is fixed and mounted, insulation in the form of a filler will need to be laid on the floor.

A breathable insulation, for example, ecowool, is laid between the boards. Ecowool is laid in the floor between the beams, but is not compacted.

Scheme of soundproofing wooden floors

Next, the floor is covered with a vapor-tight membrane and then the flooring is attached to it. At this stage, it is important to decide whether the house will have underfloor heating. The warm floor is usually laid on a special rubber base, pipes are laid on top, which will raise the level by about 5-10 cm.

linoleum;
laminate;
stone;
tiles;
tree.

The floor of the house is an important component, even with your own hands it must be carefully laid, because in the future it must correspond to the interior design and decoration.

Features of finishing a frame-block house

Finishing the facade of the house is perhaps the most interesting moment in construction. Here you can find a huge range of materials, choose any light and most affordable option.

As a finish, facade panels from a series of various materials can be used:

wood paneling;
siding;
fiber cement panels imitating brick and block masonry.

You can also choose a facing brick or, with a great desire, plaster the facade. All this is easy to do with your own hands, since the finished facing material is most often blocks that are easily assembled and attached to the walls of the house. You can also use facing bricks to give your home a real brick look.

Reference properties of fiber cement boards and panels

The advantages of such cladding are additional wall insulation. In addition, a house with a monolithically installed attic can be finished with different cladding, it all depends on your preferences. The following picture shows an example of a series of facing bricks.

An example of a frame-block house project

An example of a completed project of a frame-block house is easy to find on the Internet. If you need a ready-made drawing, then before proceeding with the selection, consider the number of future tenants. Thus, the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe house is calculated.

For example, for a small family of 2-3 people, it is enough to build a house of no more than 100 square meters. If more people are expected to live, then a two-story house should be chosen from a series of house projects. You should also consider the size of the area.

If its area does not allow building a wide frame house, then you can choose a project with an attic or balconies. This will greatly facilitate both the appearance of the house itself and its construction.

An example of a project for a one-story frame-block house

When choosing a house project, be careful and keep in mind that a frame house is built from materials immediately on the site, and frame-panel houses using Canadian technology consist of a series of ready-made panels. Their disadvantages are the inability to make individual adjustments, and also require the use of a construction crane.

It is best to order projects in specialized design bureaus that have a license for this kind of activity.

After the main characteristics of the house have been selected, you can proceed to the choice of the project itself, whether it will be an individual or a typical series. An individual project is a plan specially developed for the tastes and desires of the customer, but it costs much more than a typical one.

Of course, an individual project takes longer to develop, it will be exactly the way you imagine it, but at the same time, the price of the project will be about 10% of the cost of its construction.

Perhaps the price of an individual project and the duration of its construction are the only disadvantages of such a project. If you want to build a house during the season, then it is better to choose a standard project from a large series offered today. It is thought out in advance, agreed upon, and its cost will vary approximately in the region of 300-1000 dollars.

An example of a frame-block house project with an attic

Despite the fact that the finished project of a typical house has already been designed, it can still be adjusted. A balcony and a veranda can act as a series of additional elements, you can decorate the house with an attic and build a garage with your own hands, or, conversely, cut them off from the project.

In addition, in the finished project, you can combine rooms, for example: a living room and a hall, or a kitchen and a pantry, thereby expanding the space for needs. Even the choice of the color of the walls of the house is of no small importance. Depending on your choice, it can look like an English version of a country house or a German cottage.

Video

You can watch a video that tells about the construction of a frame-block house using American technology.