Natural finishing materials for the interiors of apartments, cottages, townhouses. Technological advantages and differences. Environmentally friendly materials

Natural finishing materials, the most popular and privately used. Short review .

its characteristics and application.

It has truly unique features. It is made on the basis of fiberglass wood shavings with the addition of additional components. glass magnesium sheet can be used both in the interior decoration (walls, partitions, structures) and in the exterior.

In its wide application, it is an excellent alternative to drywall. Due to its property of high moisture resistance, magnesium sheet glass in particular is very widely used in the arrangement of baths, pools, saunas. Its plates are much stronger than similar existing similar building materials and they can be bent with a large radius of curvature, which makes it possible to manufacture structures of almost any complexity.

Natural finishing materials - wallpapers, varieties, differences and features.

They are distinguished primarily by the raw materials from which they are produced. From the existing number, some are distinguished: on a paper base, wood veneer and bamboo canvases. When applied, they bring freshness to the interior space, bringing us closer to the natural environment and of course add uniqueness to the created artistic composition. Their main advantage and difference is that they take part in the process of air exchange, thus distributing humidity throughout the room and have certain qualities of sound insulation, which has great importance in today's society trends.

advantages over other types of wallpaper.

Produced using natural fibers, dye and adhesive base. Today they have gained sufficient popularity as modern building materials for decoration, thanks to their unique and important qualities.

Liquid wallpaper hides any surface irregularities very well., are distinguished by environmental friendliness - they breathe due to their composition and, most importantly, they have dust-repellent properties, which is especially important when used in children's rooms.

Stone wallpaper. Natural, artificial stone.

This is a thin section of rock on a paper or vinyl backing for ease of use. Due to the presence of gypsum in the production, they are light in weight and are environmentally friendly. Stone wallpaper is in some way a variety artificial stone made for convenience in the form of tiles. Stone wallpaper due to the presence of various components that are used in production, this building material can be used both in hallways, rooms, etc., and can also be used to finish the bathroom, work area in the kitchen. They are also characterized by an extensive range of colors, which ensures their more diverse use for different design solutions.

Conducting most of his life in the technogenic atmosphere of megacities, a person strives to create at least at home for himself safe environment habitat. This is largely determined by the materials that are used for home decoration. There is an opinion that to create a really healthy atmosphere in a city apartment, you should use Decoration Materials exclusively of natural origin. Is it really?
First of all, it should be noted that modern synthetic materials produced in compliance with the appropriate technology (which is confirmed by the presence of a hygienic certificate) are not at all dangerous to health. What's more, they tend to outperform many naturally occurring materials in terms of environmental performance.

On the contrary, natural materials can sometimes behave rather "inadequately". So, any wood is subject to natural decomposition (rotting), it can become a favorable environment for the growth of fungus and mold, which can cause serious damage to human health. Of course, modern technologies make it possible to “preserve” any natural material by impregnating it, for example, with special chemical compounds or covering protective layer varnish.

However, such a product has nothing in common with the original, except for a characteristic pattern. It should also be noted that the environmental friendliness of materials used for home decoration is not limited to their own chemical neutrality, but also implies resistance to external influences. In particular, the surfaces of residential premises should not collect dust and dirt, and contribute to its accumulation in the house.

Tile- it is also a natural coating, it does not emit any harmful substances, but you should carefully consider the glue with which it is attached to the walls and floor. The same can be said, for example, about the environmental friendliness of glazed tiles, which has been and remains the best material for wall and floor cladding in rooms with high humidity (kitchens and bathrooms).

Its surface has water-repellent properties, which prevents the formation of fungus and mold, and the variety of colors, patterns and textures of tiles that exists today can embody the most sophisticated fantasy.

natural fibres. Many fibers are used to make both woven floor coverings (mats) and softer upholstery fabric for furniture, as well as wallpaper on a paper backing. Some paint better than others. Preference is usually given to soft and natural shades. Bamboo. Not only boards, planks and panels are made from it, but also mats, mats and even extremely soft fabrics.

Algae is one of the cheapest natural fibers. The main supplier of raw materials is China. Algae-made mats and floor coverings are smooth, wear-resistant and moisture-resistant (the latter property prevents staining). Quite slippery, so algae products should not be used on stairs.

Jute has long been used to make rope and burlap, and as a natural backing for carpets and linoleum. Woven jute flooring is softer than coconut or sisal, so it is only suitable for areas where there is no heavy traffic, such as bedrooms.

Here, the texture of jute products will be an additional advantage - it is pleasant to walk on them barefoot. Coconut fiber (coir) is obtained from the nuts of the coconut palm. Durable and resilient floor coverings are made from coir - carpets, mats and door mats. Coconut fiber is extremely durable, but it is prickly and difficult to dye.

Floor coverings made of natural fibers do not cause allergic reactions. They can replace carpet or be used as rugs, rugs, runners, mats and mats.

The pattern depends on the method of weaving the fibers (the two main varieties are boucle and herringbone). Natural fiber coverings should be handled by a professional and require an appropriate backing. Choose from underlays natural materials or recycled synthetic waste.

Cork. The material for the production of cork flooring is cork oak bark, which consists of tiny cells filled with air. In addition to air, each cell contains fatty acids and other substances, which cause a number of advantages of cork coatings. Together, they make cork a unique material.

Cork coatings are environmentally friendly and have hypoallergenic properties. They are easy to care for as they do not attract dust, and oil stains or dirt can be easily removed with a damp sponge. Another advantage of cork flooring is that it has a positive effect on posture, because due to its elasticity, it makes steps springy, thereby reducing pressure on the spine.

Linoleum. There are two types of linoleums: natural and synthetic. The inventor of natural linoleum is Frederick Walton, who received a patent in 1863 in Great Britain for an improved technology for the production of oxidized linseed oil (linoxin) and a floor covering based on it. He also owns the authorship of the name "linoleum".

Linseed oil is the main raw material in the production of natural linoleum, used as a binder. Natural linoleum has natural bactericidal properties and meets the requirements for ease of disinfection, cleaning, maintenance. Bacteriostatic (the ability to prevent the growth of bacteria) is carried out due to the linseed oil contained in linoleum.

Flaxseed oil in itself is the strongest therapeutic and prophylactic agent. In our country, linoleum is also called PVC floor coverings, which cannot be called environmentally friendly.

Decorative plaster. Unlike paints and wallpapers, decorative plaster does not peel off, practically does not change its color during operation, which for some types reaches 10-15 years, it can be washed, it is environmentally friendly, odorless, and fire resistant. The basis of the plaster is finely dispersed particles (powder) of natural minerals (marble, lime, gypsum) and a binder (most often on a polymer or acrylic basis).

After applying a thin layer of material to the surface to be treated, complex physical and chemical processes take place in it, as a result of which a strong film is formed that provides high performance.

Parquet. By itself, this material is environmentally friendly, but it is better not to use cheap synthetic varnishes, as they emit substances hazardous to humans (xylene, toluene), which can cause skin irritation and even nervous system disorders. It is better to use a water-based varnish or oil with hard wax. The same applies to wood flooring adhesives. Do not use bituminous mastics and similar compounds.

Laminate. Environmental friendliness different types laminate is different. Formaldehyde is the basis of all laminates, but everywhere in different quantities, and it is very difficult to find out which ones. But any type of laminate must have a hygiene certificate, which indicates whether it meets the requirements of the European Commission.

For example, if the certificate has an E-1 icon, then the laminate emits formaldehyde within acceptable limits and is suitable for any premises; E-2 - suitable for bathrooms, hallways, bedrooms; E3 - only for industrial premises(in general, this classification is used for almost all finishing materials).

Carpet. A fairly environmentally friendly coating that can be harmful to allergy sufferers, since micromites can settle in its fibers. Also, carpet absorbs odors very well.

Paints. Water-based paints are considered the safest. most accessible and in a simple way finishing is the use of water-based paint.

A natural stone. If you want to use natural stone or porcelain stoneware in the manufacture of the floor, it would be useful to conduct a radiological examination of the material in order to avoid an increased radon content. Stone, most often granite, as well as brick and concrete, if sand from unfavorable quarries gets into them, can serve as a source of radiation.

In order to avoid radioactivity, an examination of materials should be carried out. Marble and limestone are the most resistant to radiation and have no background. Incorrect wiring, power cables, or electric heaters can be a source of very strong electromagnetic pollution. The electromagnetic field in this case can exceed the standards by several times.

The “warm floor”, which is popular today, can seriously affect the increase in this level, especially if this engineering solution is made in the form of a single heating element. It is impossible to shield it in some way, and the average level of the electromagnetic field in this case leads to an excess of all norms by about ten times.

The "warm floors" built according to the bifilar system reduce the background by half, but it is still not recommended to use them in such areas of the apartment as bedrooms or children's rooms, since prolonged exposure to electromagnetic fields on the human body can cause headaches, frequent fatigue, and even more serious consequences in the form of dysfunction of the genitourinary system, the development of human oncological diseases.


Putties. When repairing walls, you should not rush and make your task easier by acquiring and using super-elastic and quick-drying putties. It is they who, after drying, become a source of phenol release. In no case should you also use dry mixes intended for facades when decorating walls inside an apartment.

Wallpaper. Wallpaper is best purchased paper, and glues are based on starch or casein. Non-woven or vinyl wallpapers are synthetics and do not guarantee environmental cleanliness in the apartment. In the West, where the requirements for environmental safety significantly higher than in Russia, most modern medical institutions are covered with glass wallpaper.

As a basis for glass wallpapers, special glass is used, consisting of natural components, such as quartz sand, dolomite, lime and soda, which, under the influence of very high temperatures processed into the so-called fiberglass, from which yarn is made and wallpaper panels are woven. This guarantees not only environmental cleanliness, but also avoids the formation of a nutrient medium for various kinds of microorganisms in the wall covering.

The natural minerals used in glass wall papers are, among other things, resistant to scratching, chemical attack, treatment and wall disinfection. They are almost impossible to tear and very easy to wash.

By the way

When gluing bamboo wallpaper, there are a few things to consider. simple rules. First, you can not use water-based or water-soluble glue. The best solution there will be the use of "liquid nails".

The surface intended for pasting must not be covered with plaster or peeling paint. An important condition for sticking bamboo wallpaper is that after applying the "liquid nails" you need to let them dry a little and not press the wallpaper too tightly against the wall. The glue should remain a plastic layer under the wallpaper.

The wallpaper should be firmly pressed against the wall only after the glue has partially dried - after 5-10 minutes. For cutting natural wallpaper across, a regular knife is suitable, and when cutting along, you can use scissors for metal. Bamboo wallpapers are well tolerated by wood stain, wood paints, and various varnishes.

Iron. Environmentally friendly material - aluminum. It does not emit any harmful chemical elements, unlike other materials. It is well suited as a base for suspended ceilings. However, it is worth considering the fact that the suspended ceiling is a "dust collector", and this leads to the fact that the air quality in the apartment is deteriorating. You can install stretch ceilings in an apartment, but you should be aware that for at least three months after their installation, most of them emit phenol.

Someone may call the use of natural materials in the interior an ultra-fashionable trend, someone, perhaps, a return to the Soviet past, or perhaps to the distant past - to the origins of civilization. In any case, to feel the breath of nature around you and not worry about your health is something worth using environmentally friendly building materials.

For floor

With the choice of environmentally friendly materials for the floor should not be a problem. Their choice is quite wide, and prices are very diverse from inexpensive solid wood to parquet boards and exquisite precious wood parquet.

They have a noble appearance, are very pleasant to the touch (walking barefoot on a tree is a pleasure). Usually they are afraid to lay parquet because of the complexity of maintenance. Indeed, you need to take care of it properly. However, with decent care, it can last a very long time - not only for you, but also for your children and even grandchildren.

If you prefer a “soft” floor, natural wool carpet is also suitable for you.

And why not remember such simple and natural mats. They are woven from cane, sesal, flax, coconut fiber. They not only protect the floor, but also improve the microclimate in the room. And how harmoniously they fit into the eco-friendly interior!

for walls

For wall decoration, there are a lot of materials that meet the “natural” principle. This is primarily paper wallpaper, safe water-based paints, environmentally friendly plasters.

Glass wallpapers are worthy of special attention. The name and composition are a little scary (soda, quartz sand and lime), but the guaranteed absence of harmful chemicals. elements and, moreover, high wear resistance allows them to be used in any room in the apartment.

Allergy sufferers should prefer liquid wallpaper. They are easy to clean and prevent dust from settling on the walls due to their antistatic properties.

And how beautiful and practical are materials made from natural plant fibers (reeds, reeds, etc.)!

For ceiling

As for the ceiling, there are no special differences in the decoration. Same wallpaper or water-based paint. It is possible to install and stretch ceilings is now full of offers for this service. Theirs is an ambiguous question. However, ease of use and beauty attract many.

For the bathroom

When repairing bathrooms, facing has been and remains a favorite. Moreover, her choice is not limited to ceramics. It can be glass tiles or mosaics that are fashionable today.

A natural stone

This exquisite material will be appropriate in any interior: both classic and ultra-modern. It will give the room a luxurious look. The most popular tiles: polished for walls or matte (non-slip) for the floor.

Sometimes a stone countertop is made in the kitchen. This is practical, but one should not forget how heavy the stone is.

The most common are marble and granite. Sometimes there are onyx, slate, travertine, limestone.