At what temperature is the working time shortened. Working hours in the heat - reducing working hours

First of all, this can be done through conditioning, as well as work breaks. Employers should provide places for rest, ensure that clean drinking water and a first aid kit with medicines.

According to the current SanPiN, if the temperature in the working room has reached 28.5 degrees, then it is recommended to reduce the length of the working day by one hour. When the temperature rises to 29 degrees - for two hours, at a temperature of 30.5 degrees - for four hours.

At the same time, for workers performing work associated with constant movement, moderate and significant physical exertion, carrying and moving heavy loads, the working day is reduced when lower temperatures (26.5 -27.5 degrees) are reached.

Unworked hours are paid as downtime due to the employer's fault in the amount of at least 2/3 of the employee's average wage.

If the employer does not take any measures to optimize the microclimate in the workplace and does not reduce the length of the working day, employees have the right to refuse to work. They must notify the employer of this writing. And employers who do not care about working conditions and the health of workers can be fined and disqualified. But it is up to the court to decide.

At a room temperature of up to 30.5 degrees, the employer can reduce the working day by four hours

The new week, according to forecasts of weather forecasters, promises to be hot, so Rospotrebnadzor reminded us how to keep cheerfulness, efficiency and good mood even in the heat.

The main thing is not to forget about water. A bottle of water on the desktop, another in a purse on the way to work and back. You need to drink water not in one gulp, but little by little, but constantly, even when you don’t really want to. The main thing is to always have a supply of water in the body. But don't chill the water. The body will try to heat the incoming fluid, and energy is spent on this, accompanied by the production of excess heat.

Herbal teas (from chamomile, mint, echinacea) or weak ordinary tea and warm water are good at saving from thirst. Fruit juices and soda water are very beneficial as they contain additional micronutrients. But ready-made drinks should be drunk with caution: they contain a lot of sugar.

In the rooms in the heat save the air conditioners. However, before entering an air-conditioned room, you need to make sure that the skin is completely dry. The same rules apply to the fan.

It is necessary to give up high-calorie foods, the digestion of which takes a lot of energy and the person will become even hotter. Spices and spices also have a warming effect. You need to eat light food. Replace meat with fish, eat more greens, vegetables, fruits and berries. They contain vitamins and water.

Before buying ice cream, you need to carefully examine it and feel it: if it is crumpled, it means it has been defrosted. It's not worth buying this. Due to the use of such a sweet treat, there is a risk of earning food poisoning or an intestinal infection.

July will be hot

There will be many hot days in July - such a forecast was given by RG scientific director Hydrometeorological Center Roman Vilfand.

And he clarified that the weather will be uneven. Both warming and cooling are expected. Hot, dry weather is shifting northward, which could lead to wildfires in these areas.

For example, in the Turukhansk region in the coming days, the air will warm up to plus 31 degrees, which is not an ordinary occurrence in the Arctic.

Microclimate industrial premises- an important condition for normal work, not only well-being and health, but also the performance of employees, their functional state depends on it. SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 establishes normal microclimate parameters for any industrial premises and workplaces. And in its sections 5 and 6, its optimal and permissible values \u200b\u200bare separately stipulated for different times of the year - the hottest and coldest.

Those employees who work in office premises, whose performance of labor duties is characterized by minor physical effort and a sitting position, are classified by SanPiN as category Ia. For this category of workers, 23-25°C is recognized as a comfortable temperature in summer, and 22-24°C in winter. In the event that these norms are not met, office workers have the right to demand a reduction in the length of the working day.

So, when the temperature in the office rises to + 29 ° C, the length of the working day, depending on the category of work performed, should be reduced to 3-6 hours. When the thermometer reaches +32.5°C, the maximum working day is set to 1 hour. In the event that during the cold season the temperature in the office is below the norm and is + 19 ° C, the working day can be reduced by 1 hour. You can work one hour a day when the air temperature at your workplace has dropped to +13oC.

The activities of an enterprise that systematically violates established sanitary standards may be suspended for up to 90 days.

Employer's responsibility

Ensuring comfortable working conditions is entirely the responsibility of the employer. According to Article 163 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, he can demand the fulfillment of the hourly output rate only if normal working conditions are created in the production or office premises. In the event of a violation of the temperature regime, the employer must take immediate measures to eliminate this violation.

You can also protect your rights by filing a complaint with the State Labor Inspectorate.

If your employer ignores the requirements established by labor legislation, you must contact the territorial sanitary and epidemiological service. If the violation is confirmed, the company may be fined from 10 to 20 thousand rubles.

The hot sunny summer, immensely pleasing on weekends, does not look so attractive on weekdays. It's not just the distracting vacation dreams that work in the heat can be dangerous to health and life.

In this article, we will remind you at what temperature you can work indoors, when a reduced work schedule is required in the heat, as well as preventive and emergency measures that an employer can take to keep employees working at maximum efficiency.

The temperature in the working room according to the labor code and SanPiN

A certain mode of work in the heat according to the Labor Code is not regulated, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation is limited to a streamlined requirement for the employer to guarantee proper working conditions. The list of unambiguous conditions is provided by SanPiN. Working in the heat overloads the body, and to minimize damage to health, periods of active work are reduced in proportion to the increase in temperature. For example, production in a blacksmith shop can be slightly reduced already at 26.5°C, and when the temperature reaches 30.5°C, the working day should be reduced to 1 hour.

Room temperature at the workplace (SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96):

Air temperature in the room, ºС	Working hours, h
Air temperature in the room, ºС	With sedentary, sedentary work

As can be seen from the table, the permissible room temperature at the workplace varies depending on the intensity of energy consumption of workers. That is, the higher the load, the cooler it should be in the production room. However, at any level of load it is easy to calculate at what temperature it is impossible to work indoors: the critical is to exceed the norm by 4.5ºС.

What to do if the employer does not comply with the norms for working in the heat in the room

Providing adequate working conditions and monitoring their condition is the responsibility of the employer, stipulated by the Labor Code. If this obligation is not fulfilled, employees have the right to independently demand a reduction in the working day by referring to SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises".

To do this, it is necessary to draw up a memo on the need to reduce the time of work, justifying this by the fact that the temperature in the room at the workplace exceeds the norms of SanPiN.

An example of a service note if the temperature in the room exceeded the permissible limits:

After the test temperature measurement, the employer must issue an order based on the data received.

With regard to downtime pay, it depends on the role of the employer. If the employer is at fault (when he had the opportunity to comply with the temperature standards in office premises, for example, by installing air conditioners, but did not do this), the downtime payment is transferred in the amount of at least 2/3 of the employee's average salary. Forced downtime (not dependent on the employer: when working on the street, abnormal weather or global breakdowns) is paid in the amount of 2/3 of the salary / tariff rate of the employee, in proportion to the downtime (Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

An example of an order to reduce the working day if the room temperature is above 28 degrees:

Outdoor work

Work on the street in the heat of the Labor Code and, regularly reminding about the recommendations of work in such conditions, Rospotrebnadzor is severely limited. So, at dangerous air temperatures (over 32.5ºС) it is not recommended to work outdoors.

If it is impossible to transfer work to morning and evening instead of hot daytime hours, it is required to observe the duration of working periods: no more than 15-20 minutes, alternating them with rest in a room with a comfortable temperature (at least 10-12 minutes). In order to avoid too large a temperature difference compared to the street, the temperature of the air in the room should also be carefully monitored in the break room. The norm will be 24-25ºС.

Workers who are not younger than 25 years of age and not older than 40 years of age are allowed to work in excessive heat.

Preventive measures

It is possible to avoid losses caused by downtime of production and/or administrative facilities. Part of the problems will be removed by the arrangement of industrial premises with powerful ventilation, and office rooms - with air conditioners.

A timely installed room temperature sensor will help the employer to control the situation at the enterprise.

Responsibility for non-compliance with the temperature regime

The negligent attitude of the employer to working conditions entails liability under Art. 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. The basis for checking and issuing a fine may be the appeal of employees to Rospotrebnadzor or the Labor Inspectorate.

The amount of the administrative fine will be:

for officials, individual entrepreneurs - from 1 to 5 thousand rubles;
for legal entities - 30-50 thousand rubles.

Summer time is always a difficult time to work. Often there are situations when the temperature in the room exceeds the permissible limit, turning work into the hardest torture (and even breaks in the middle of the day do not save much). For employees it becomes topical issue, whether there are any legal regulations on temperature standards during working hours in the heat.

To resolve this issue, please contact article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation . In one of the provisions, it prescribes the obligation of the employer to provide comfortable working conditions for each of the employees. On the basis of this legal provision, a directive was developed with regard to working hours in the heat SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 .

Reduced working hours due to heat

According to established standards for office employees, the maximum allowable indoor temperature in summer should be 28 degrees. The more the actual indication exceeds this norm, the less employees should work.

Order to reduce working hours due to heat

The order to change working hours due to the heat is an integral document, on the basis of which the schedule is redrawn. This act is drawn up by the employer indicating the reason for the innovations. Experts, however, differ on how to state the grounds for changes.

A reduction in working hours due to heat can be documented as downtime or through the fault of the employer, or due to objective circumstances beyond the control of the parties. The first case is relevant in situations where the organization does not provide adequate conditions for working on the premises. However, on the other hand, it is not always possible to provide for an increased temperature regime. As a result, the decision on the reason for such downtime remains with the employer. In both cases, by article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation the company is obliged to pay two-thirds of the salary.

It is allowed to issue an order indicating the objective circumstances and the corresponding remuneration. In this case, its size decreases in proportion to the reduction of working time.

How to reduce working hours in the heat - drawing up an order

An order to reduce working hours due to heat is drawn up according to the basic rules for paperwork. That is, it is similar to those regulations that relate to the issues of reducing the time of work due to heat.

The main provisions of this document should include:

establishment of a new time, indicating breaks for lunch and rest;
an instruction on the need for all heads of departments to familiarize their subordinates with this order;
allowing employees to take unpaid leave;
appointment of responsible persons who should monitor the implementation of the instructions.

This document is signed by both the head and the appointed responsible person. It may include additional instructions at the initiative of the employer. For example, the validity of this decree, or the provision of means of protection from heat.

And the responsibilities of employers in the heat. Companies can be required to have normal working conditions, and this is not at all a pleasant bonus, but compliance with standard sanitary standards. If the office is hot, stuffy, or you have to work outside in the heat, you can leave work earlier or take breaks.

Workplace temperature - up to 25 °C

According to Sanpin, a comfortable microclimate is 23-25 ° C. If the temperature in the office has risen above 28.5 ° C, this is an excuse to leave an hour earlier. If it's up to 29 degrees, they should be released two hours earlier. And this is provided that you just work at a computer or with documents. That is, you do not need to walk a lot, move something heavy and spend a lot of energy.

Ekaterina Miroshkina

economist

When there is physical exercise, cut work time should at 26.5 °C.

Concrete workers, masons, diggers and athletes cannot work at all at temperatures above 31 ° C.

If you work outside, then, for example, at 35 ° C, no one can work a full shift at all. There should be breaks: 20 minutes of work - 10 minutes break in a room with a comfortable temperature or air conditioning. And so no more than two hours per shift.

When the temperature is over 37°C and you have to work outside, you cannot require workers to go out during the day, into the heat. It is necessary to move the working hours, for example, to the morning.

If the employer requires the builder, seller, courier or driver continuous work for eight hours in the heat, it's a violation of labor rights. And you can enforce them in different ways.

Putting an air conditioner or at least a fan in a stuffy accounting department, in a warehouse, in a store is also the responsibility of the employer. At the same time, the air conditioner should not blow in your back: there are rules for air speed and temperature differences.

Drinks during business hours

When it's hot, you need to drink more. At least, this is advised by Rostrud. If you work outside in the heat, you need to drink a cup of water every 20 minutes. The temperature of drinks is 10-15 °C. The employer must ensure that water is nearby and accessible. There are no problems with this in the office, but those who work on the street need to provide water in the heat. The same with the first aid kit: it should be available to employees.

Rospotrebnadzor also advises drinking whey in the heat, mineral water And oxygen cocktails, eat more fruits and vegetables. True, he does not specify at whose expense.

Free overalls

By default, no one is obliged to issue overalls to office workers, of course. But if work clothes are supposed under the employment contract, in the heat it should be made of dense fabrics and several layers. It depends on how long you can work in the heat without a break.

How to know how much time you can work and when to take a break

For office workers and those who do not work on the roads, near the stove or under the scorching sun, a sanpin with general requirements is enough. From it it is clear what the temperature should be at the workplace and how this affects the length of the working day.

For calculations for some types of work, there is a manual with tables and formulas. But it's hard to deal with them. To understand whether your rights have been violated by the duration of work in the heat, you need to take into account energy costs, moisture loss and body temperature. It depends on how many hours you can work per shift and how often you take breaks.

To calculate, you need to solve a multiple regression equation with six variables. If you have special working conditions, do not try to calculate it yourself - look for an expert.

What to do if it's hot at work and the employer doesn't respond?

If you have to work in the heat and have questions about the enforcement of rights, it is better to do this:

Explore labor contract. What is your position, mode of work, duties of the employer. The contract should not contain terms that contradict labor code. If it says that you have an 8-hour shift without a break and you take care of working conditions yourself, this is illegal. Suddenly it turns out that there is no contract, or you
Find out which category your position belongs to. In the table with the temperature regime there are different categories of work. They are described in Appendix 1 "Characteristics of categories of work". For example, a dispatcher, an accountant and an office manager are category Ia, a teacher, an agronomist and a nurse - Ib, a truck driver or a builder - IIb. They have different conditions in terms of temperatures, duration of shifts and breaks.
Check job description and labor regulations. They are rarely read, but there are many interesting things. Suddenly it may turn out that the employer owes you much more than he gives. And it may not even be related to the heat.
Contact the management: shift supervisor, foreman, director, or at least the personnel department. Explain what causes discomfort and how the problem could be solved.
Consult the labor inspectorate. They'll help you figure out your rights. Suddenly you only think that you can demand air conditioning, but according to the law it is not so. If it seems to you that there is “nothing to breathe” in the office, this is not a violation. There is an official site for consultations.
Remind management of the fines under Art. 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses is 130 thousand rubles for the company. It will likely be cheaper to give you a break, shorten your workday, or buy a water cooler.
Collect certificates if working in the heat without breaks, water and overalls has been harmful to health.
Write a complaint to the labor inspectorate, the prosecutor's office.
Go to court for compensation.