Emomali Rahmon's year of birth. From Rakhmonov to Rahmon

Pranks of the heir Emomali
Rakhmonov - Rustam
Drunken sprees, rally on
streets of Dushanbe, shooting from
pistol in uncle
The original of this material © "Secrets of the Stars", 06/09/2010,
Emomali Rahmon covers
dark deeds of the son?, Photo:
RFE/RL Compromat.Ru
Emomali Rakhmonov with his son
Rustam
The largest father
among the leaders of the CIS states
Emomali Rahmon is at a loss: he has children
a lot, but transfer power by
no one to inherit. Daughters
Muslim leader
Tajik way to
big policy ordered. And the sons are not yet
show special
managerial talents. - If with the youngest son
Rahmon Somon everything is clear
- the baby is only 12 years old and he
too early to participate
political life,
they say surrounded by the head of Tajikistan, then
elder's behavior
Rustam's heir
causes slight confusion.
24 year old offspring
gives Rahmon nothing but problems. And besides
state affairs,
with which the head is stuffed
Emomali Sharipovich, he
still forced
“deal with” the affairs of the son! Problems
And in various troubles Rahmon
-younger gets with
enviable regularity. - That arranges a "rally" on
streets of Dushanbe and almost
hitting a pedestrian
residents say
the Tajik capital. - That
incites security and beats the singer Jonibek
Muradov. That rolls up
parties that
luxury comparable to
royal feasts ... But the most scandalous
episode in biography
young Rustam all
call it "disassembly" with
native uncle Hassan
Sadulloev, as a result of which the latter ended up in
hospital with ... gunshot
wound. That the son
almost killed the president
uncle, then
trumpeted all foreign media, while in the very
Tajikistan about it
just... quiet
whispered. - Emomali Sharipovich
tried, they say
residents of Dushanbe. - He
forbade anyone to cover
this topic. So scandal and
hushed up. Uncle
The president's entourage
still confused about
testimony: what happened
cause of this conflict
uncle and nephew? And did the wounded survive in the end?
Sadulloev? One thing is known, a quarrel between
high-ranking
relatives broke out
during their joint
visit to the city of Yavan. Situation
heated up so much that Rustam, in the heat of his rage, grabbed
pistol and shot Hassan
to the neck. bleeding
relative of the president
urgently delivered to
local hospital and then
promptly forwarded to
operation in Germany. Since then, he has not been seen again.
Someone says he's there and
died, someone, what, they say,
miraculously survived! IN
administration of the Tajik
the leader of comments on this matter, of course, is not
give. Emomali Sharipovich
banned. Why stir
past affairs? And why
once again to remind
people, what did the president's son do? - To somehow
settle down Rustam,
the president married him
daughter of a leader
from the largest enterprises
food industry in Dushanbe, - they say in
around Rahmon. - But
even that doesn't stop
heir from permanent
carousing ... Every now and then the President's son
see surrounded by girls. BUT
famous Tajik
singer Shabnami Surayya
almost called
common-law wife of Rustam - so much time they
spend together!
Concerns
They say Emomali Sharipovich
talked to my son many times
about his behaviour. Tried to re-educate. - But Rustam's father's threats
peas against the wall - bred
hands surrounded by
president. But Rahmon is like this
son's carelessness
alarming. And be afraid
there is something. Enough
remember the fate of the leader
neighboring Kyrgyzstan Kurmanbek Bakiyev,
who was overthrown by his own
people. And the reason for the massive
riots became antics
son of Bakiyev Maxim,
who stole and screwed up to such an extent,
that ordinary people already
couldn't stand it! […] [Ferghana.Ru, 11.08.2009,
"The country is a legacy.
President of Tajikistan
prepares to be the successor of his son":
President of Tajikistan -
happy father, he has seven daughters and two sons.
Eldest son Emomali
Rahmon - Rustami Emomali
- 22 years old and father cooks it
successors, now it's already
visible to the naked eye. Formerly holy
the position was claimed by the wife's brother
Rahmon, Khasan Sadullayev. […]
Rustami Emomali [...] managed to
to study at higher
educational institutions of Tajikistan, Germany and
Russia. Graduated from Tajik
national university
by specialty
"International
economic relations”, was a student of courses
Moscow
state institution
international relations
(MGIMO) - according to other sources,
studied at Moscow State University. True, dad took him from Moscow:
too much money son
left in the Korston casino.
[...]
Rustami Emomali not only
loves to study - he is also an athlete. For today
he is the best day
Tajik scorer
football team
"Istiklol" ("Independence").
And he became the best almost immediately, without having time
enter the field - he
afraid to take the ball. Never
you don't know how it will end
such an attempt.
except social activities, sports and
studies, Rustam finds time
and for the state
work. He serves in
State Committee for Investments
and state property of Tajikistan.
At the end of June 2009
Rustami married his daughter
head of one of
largest enterprises
food industry Dushanbe. Just shortly
prior to that, President Rahmon
called on his people to
savings and issued a decree
forbidding lush
celebrations. Everyone was wondering how
the wedding will be modest
Rustami - and indeed,
celebrated one day
there were only one and a half guests
hundreds. As the newspaper "Trud" wrote, I had to get by
without donating clothes to guests and
no old rituals
engagement, festive
gift giving, no holiday
for bridesmaids and other interesting
wedding moments. Truth,
famous Tajik
journalist and oppositionist
Dodojon Atovulloev in
In an interview with Vremya Novostey, he said that
ministers and businessmen
wedding gift to son
car president - he
"Loves to collect them." BUT
a report was shown on television, where they showed how
groom's relatives and
brides bring up "KamAZ" with
products - residents
gave butter and rice,
True, they said that the gifts come from personal
funds of the President's family. [...]
The question is, can Rustami
Emomali take a chair
Emomali Rahmon, while
rhetorical. If we think abstractly, then
of course, the president's chair
- this is not an Emomali chair
Rahmon, and the Republic
Tajikistan. And although in
Tajikistan Rahmon is already out loud and on television
called "your
majesty, yet
transfer power to
he cannot inherit.
But the main thing is that he does not want to and is not going to.
There are other considerations
along which the road to
big politics for
Rustam is still closed. How
said R. Zoyirov, Rustam first needs to be formed
their "environment", because
that "those who surround the father -
for the son is not help, but
barrier". And here for memory
comes a story that became known in
early May 2008. Then
journalists wrote that
Rustami shot his
uncle Khasan Sadullayev,
the owner of Orien-Bank, one of the most
powerful people in the country.
Sadullayev controls
over two hundred
enterprises of the republic,
including the largest in Central Asia
aluminum plant.
Sadullayev was wounded in the neck,
but luckily he survived. -
Insert K.ru] ["Varzish-Sport",
Tajikistan, 01.11.2010,
"Rustami Emomali became vice-
President of the FFT": Senior
president's son
Tajik Emomali Rahmon forward
Dushanbe football
club "Istiklol" Rustami
Emomali appointed Vice
Federation President
football of the republic. About this correspondent SIA
"Varzish-Sport" reported
president of the capital
football club
"Istiklol" Shohrukh Saidov.
[...] General Secretary FFT
Sherali Davlatov confirmed
this information.
Federation Executive Committee
football in Tajikistan
at its meeting approved the candidacy of Rustami Emomali
as vice president. This
assignment will be huge
impetus for development
domestic football,
Davlatov noted. - Inset K.ru] Representatives
opposition parties
express the opinion that
Rustam took "profitable
position" in the conditions
predominance of imports over exports in Tajikistan. Applicants
proceeds from smuggling
activities will allow him
replenish him and his father
personal bank accounts
foreign states. An important factor
is also that one of
most profitable
source of income power
powers in RT is
smuggling the sale of electricity to a neighboring
Afghanistan. By confession
authorities when he was the head
"Barki Tojik"
notorious Sh. Samiev,
only for the year "lost" electricity in the amount of 800
million US dollars!
This head of the thieves' cartel
Sharifkhon Samiev was removed from
manager positions
"Barki Tojik" and was appointed to "punishment"
director of the largest
Central Asian Nurek
hydroelectric power station, and more recently
Appointed by Rahmon
Chairman of the city of Kurgan-Tyube. - Inset K.ru]

Emomali Sharipovich Rakhmonov (b. 1952) is a state and political figure of Tajikistan, the permanent President of the country since 1994. He has the title of "Founder of Peace and National Unity - Leader of the Nation".

Birth and family

Emomali was born on October 5, 1952 in the urban-type settlement of Dangara, located in the Kulyab region of the Tajik Republic.

His father, Rakhmonov Sharif, went through the Great Patriotic War, had two military awards - the Order of Glory II and III degrees.

Mom, Mairam Sharifova, was a long-liver, lived to 94 years old, died in 2004.
Emomali was the third son in the family. His older brother Fayziddin served in the Soviet army in Ukraine. In the line of duty in 1959, he died in the Lviv region, where he was buried in the Zholkovsky district in the cemetery of the small town of Rava-Russkaya.

Professional path

In the south-west of Tajikistan, in the valley of the Vakhsh River, there is the city of Kurgan-Tube, here, after graduating from a secondary school, Emomali got his first job - at an oil plant as an electrician.

In 1971, the guy was drafted into the ranks of the Soviet army for military service. Emomali got to the Pacific Fleet, where he served as a sailor for three years.

In 1974 he returned to the plant in Kurgan-Tyube. Then he worked as a salesman for some time. In 1976, Emomali moved to his native Dangara and began to work on a collective farm, held various posts - the chairman of the trade union committee, positions in party bodies, for twelve years he was the secretary of the collective farm board.

At the same time, Emomali studied at the Tajik State University, in 1982 he received a diploma from the Faculty of Economics.

At the beginning of the summer of 1988, Rakhmon was appointed to the Dangara district in the state farm named after Lenin as a director. Here he worked until the end of 1992. From the state farm, Emomali moved to work in the Kulyab regional executive committee as chairman. Before him, Jiyonkhon Rizoev (a former personnel officer of the Internal Affairs Directorate for combating banditry and terrorism) worked at this place. Rizoev was shot as a result of the civil war that unfolded after Tajikistan gained independence.

In 1992, Emomali was elected to the Supreme Council of the Tajik SSR as a deputy of the 12th convocation.

After the collapse of the USSR, a civil war broke out in the Tajik Republic between the two main regions - Leninobod and Kulyab. During the hostilities, the dominant force was won by the “Kulyabians”, which included Emomali.

Presidency

In November 1994, Tajikistan hosted presidential elections. Rahmon won 58.7% of the electoral vote, the opposition ignored these elections and loudly announced fraud. But at the beginning of 1995, parliamentary elections were held, and the majority still ended up on the side of Emomali's associates, communists and former militants of the Popular Front.

In early 1996, in Kurgan-Tyube, power was seized by the rebels under the leadership of Mahmud Khudoyberdiyev. Then they were going to move to the capital, demanding the resignation of high-ranking officials in the government. Rahmon made concessions to them in order to save Tajikistan from the continuation of the civil war, and dismissed the head of his apparatus, the first vice-premier and the head of the hukumat. The rebels were promised amnesty in exchange for surrendering their weapons. Then the press secretary Russian President called Rahmon's actions "a victory for reason and common sense".

In the summer of 1997, the Rahmon government negotiated a truce with the united Tajik opposition, ending the civil war. After that, Emomali managed to strengthen his own positions in the political arena and eliminate all competitors.

However, Rahmon was assassinated twice. In April 1997, he was injured by a fragmentation grenade. The second attempt occurred in 2001, an improvised explosive device was set off by a suicide bomber, but fortunately no one was hurt.

In the fall of 1999, during a referendum, the country's Constitution was amended, now the presidential term has increased from four to seven years. In November of the same year, presidential elections were held, in which Emomali again won with 96.9% of the electoral votes.

During this period of Emomali's rule, the long-standing territorial conflict with China, which had been dragging on for about 130 years, was resolved. He ceded to the PRC 0.77% of the Tajik territory in the Eastern Pamir region. The country that Rahmon inherited was considered one of the poorest as part of the Soviet Union. After the collapse of the USSR and the civil war, poverty became a particularly acute problem in Tajikistan. 83% of the population lived below the poverty line, and the government developed a program to reduce it. By 2003, the poverty rate was already 53.5%.

In 2006, Emomali again won a landslide victory in the presidential elections. He began this term of office by getting rid of everything Russian in Tajikistan. Russian endings of surnames are now banned, and his own, which previously sounded like Rakhmonov, has now become Rahmon. The official initials no longer indicated the patronymic. Settlements, mountain peaks, villages, streets that had previously been named after Russian or Soviet figures (Gagarin, Pushkin, Chkalov, Gogol) were also renamed. The country returned to national traditions, even the Koran was translated into Tajik, and now it was impossible to fill out a single business document in Russian.

In schools, Emomali forbade celebrating the "Feast of the Primer" and "Last Calls", children were not allowed to bring to school mobile phone and get to the educational institution by car. Large weddings and funerals are prohibited in the country.

Emomali Rahmon is quite a significant person in the outside political world. Back in 1999, he was elected Vice-President of the UN General Assembly. And in 2011, the European Council on Foreign Relations awarded Rahmon the title of "Leader of the XXI century."

In 2015, during the referendum, the Constitution was amended, now the term of office of the President of Tajikistan is not limited. Emomali has every chance to become the lifelong ruler of the country.

Spouse and children

Emomali Rahmon is married to Azizmo Asadullayeva, the couple had nine children during their marriage - two sons and seven daughters. The President of Tajikistan and his family receive a lot of criticism from compatriots, the foreign press, and according to the published confidential documents of the international organization WikiLeaks, Emomali and his family members are deeply mired in large-scale corruption. There are many reasons for such a statement.

Emomali's wife has always been a housewife, and this is understandable, because the woman raised nine children. Now she prefers to regularly visit the Sughd region, where the government residence "Bahoriston" is located. There, near the Kairakkum reservoir, she rests, undergoes various courses of therapeutic and preventive procedures.

The eldest daughter Firuza is married to Amonullo Khukumov, his father is the head of the Tajik railway. Firuza is engaged in business, in Khujand she has a joint Tajik-Russian enterprise for the production of paints and varnishes, as well as a plant engaged in the production plastic windows and ram.
Now, in the Isfara district of the Sughd region, Firuza's trustees are building a cement plant, the production capacity of which, according to the plan, will be more than a million tons of products.

Another daughter, Ozoda Rahmon, born in 1978, “international lawyer”, graduated from the department international law at the Tajik National State University. After that, she studied at American universities - Maryland and Georgetown. Then she stayed in the USA and worked in the Tajik embassy. In 2009, she returned to her homeland, as she was appointed Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs. Ozoda defended her thesis on the rights and freedoms of women in Tajikistan, received a PhD in law.

Ozoda is married to Jamoliddin Nuraliev, he works as the first deputy minister of finance and is one of the most influential personalities in Tajikistan. The couple has five children. In January 2016, Rahmon appointed Ozoda the chief of staff of the President of Tajikistan.

Rahmon's eldest son, Rustami, was born in 1987. Graduated from Tajik National University majoring in international economic relations, attended courses at MGIMO. Rustami loves football very much, he himself played in one of the strongest clubs in Tajikistan, Istiklol. His professional path began at the State Committee for Investments, where he headed the department for supporting small and medium-sized businesses. Now Rustami is in charge of the anti-smuggling department, at the same time he is the President of the Football Federation of Tajikistan.

Since 2009, the son of the Tajik President has been married, the daughter of the owner of a large food enterprise in Dushanbe has become his chosen one. Grandfather Emomali was pleased by the married couple with their grandson and granddaughter.

At the end of 2016, the third daughter of Rukhshon at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Tajikistan became a deputy head in the Department of International Organizations. Rukhshona is not a novice in the Foreign Ministry, she has been working in this area for more than ten years. Prior to this appointment, she worked in the UK at the Tajik embassy. She lived in London with her husband Sohibov Shamsullo, who worked in England as a trade representative of Tajikistan. Now Shamsullo is the President of the National Winter Sports Association of Tajikistan.

The fifth daughter of Parvin is married to Ashraf Gulov, the son of the Minister of Energy and Industry of Tajikistan. Her area of activity is the sanitary and epidemiological service and the healthcare system.

The sixth daughter of Zarrin connected her life with television, she is the announcer of the First National Channel.

Awards:

Biography

early years

Emomali Rakhmonov was born on October 5, 1952 in the village of Dangara, Kulyab region, Tajik SSR. After graduating high school, he began working as an electrician at a butter plant in Kurgan-Tyube, then from 1974 to 1974 he served as a sailor in the Pacific Fleet, and after the end of his service he returned to the plant. In 1982, Rakhmonov graduated from the Faculty of Economics of the Tajik State University. From 1976 to 1988 he worked as secretary of the board of the collective farm of the Dangara district of the Kulyab region, chairman of the trade union committee of this farm, and also held a position in party bodies. In June 1988, Rakhmonov became the director of the state farm. Lenin of the Dangara region, holding this position until November 1992.

Civil War

In early November 1992, Emomali Rakhmonov became chairman of the Kulyab regional executive committee, replacing the former personnel officer of the internal affairs department for combating terrorism and banditry, Dzhienkhon Rizoev, who was killed, presumably, for his call to withdraw the Kulyab formations from Kurgan-Tyube and lay down their arms. From November 16 to December 2, the 16th “conciliatory” session of the Supreme Council of Tajikistan was held in Khujand, which accepted the resignation of Rakhmon Nabiev and elected Emomali Rakhmonov from Kulyab as chairman of the Supreme Council. Two days later, representatives of the "People's Democratic Army of Tajikistan", which controls the capital, announced on the republican radio that they consider the new leadership of the country, headed by Rakhmonov "treacherous and communist odious" and that they will not let the new government based in Khujand into the capital. November 26 field commander and the founder of the Popular Front, ex-chairman of the Supreme Council Safarali Kenzhaev and the Hissar group launched an offensive against the capital. December 10 in Dushanbe with fighting entered special battalion field commander of the Popular Front, Minister of Internal Affairs Yakub Salimov (English) Russian . Together with him, Emomali Rahmonov and members of the government arrived in the city. Detachments of Islamists and Democrats were forced out to the east of the country; some of them retreated to Afghanistan. The main fighting has now moved to Karategin (Garm, Romit) and Darvaz (Tavildara). The dominant political force in the country has become the “Kulyabians”, among whom is Emomali Rakhmonov. According to one political analyst, "Kulyab won the war and became the master of the republic", but at the same time believes that as a region, Kulyab did not gain anything from Rakhmonov's rule.

On August 10, government troops cleared Dushanbe of Salimov's formations, the next day scattered "self-defense units", took control of the Gissar and Shahrinav regions and captured the city of Tursunzade, and then moved to Khudoyberdiyev's stronghold - Kurgan-Tyube. On the night of August 12-13, Emomali Rakhmonov twice had a telephone conversation with Mahmud Khudoyberdiyev, as a result of which Khudoyberdyev agreed to return his units to the barracks and leave the post of brigade commander in exchange for personal immunity, on the condition that Rakhmonov issue a decree on the release of the colonel from his post "in connection with the transfer to another job" . However, on August 18, hostilities resumed, ending soon with the defeat of the detachments of Mahmud Khudoyberdiyev.

Domestic policy: stabilization of power

Over the years following the end of the Civil War, Emomali Rakhmonov managed to strengthen his own position and eliminate his competitors from the political arena. On April 30, 1997, the first assassination attempt was organized on him, when a fragmentation grenade was detonated during the solemn ceremony of celebrating the 65th anniversary of the local university in Khujand, as a result of which he was wounded. The president was then saved by Yakub Salimov, who pushed the head of state away in time and covered him with his body. Speaking on Tajik television, Rakhmonov even said: “Tajiks, you must remember who saved your president, my children and the children of my children will always remember this!”. However, very soon Salimov, who was in Turkey in the position of the Tajik ambassador, was accused in absentia of abuse of office, arms trafficking, creating criminal groups and attempting to organize a coup. Salimov moved to Russia, where in June 2003 he was arrested at the request of the Prosecutor General of Tajikistan and extradited in February 2004 to his homeland. A Tajik court sentenced him to 15 years in prison, finding him guilty of treason by conspiring to seize power, banditry, and so on. . In addition to him, in Moscow in December 2004, at the request of the Prosecutor General's Office of Tajikistan, the head of the Democratic Party of Tajikistan was also arrested. (English) Russian Mahmadruzi Iskandarov (English) Russian , but the Russian side did not find any grounds for extraditing him to the Tajik authorities and he was released. However, in April 2005, he suddenly disappeared and soon ended up in the pre-trial detention center of the Ministry of State Security of Tajikistan. In addition to them, behind bars were such influential politicians as the ex-head of the presidential guard Gaffor Mirzoev, the former leaders of the United Tajik Opposition (UTO) and the ex-head of the customs committee Mirzokhodzhi Nizomov.

On November 8, 2001, there was a second assassination attempt on Rakhmonov. Near the podium from which he spoke, a suicide bomber set off an improvised device, but no one was hurt.

In August 2003, in Moscow, at the request of the Tajik Prosecutor General's Office, he was detained former minister trade Khabibulo Nasrulloev, whom the Tajik authorities accused of involvement in illegal armed groups pursuing the goal of overthrowing state power in Tajikistan. Previously, Khabibulo Nasrulloev actively participated in the activities of the Popular Front, but in the 1994 presidential election he publicly supported Emomali Rakhmonov's rival, Abdumalik Abdullajonov.

The Economist Intelligence Unit's World Democracy Index 2011 ranked Tajikistan 151st as an authoritarian country.

Socio-economic situation

Even before the collapse of the USSR, the Tajik SSR was one of the poorest Soviet republics. Civil War in Tajikistan claimed from 60 to 150 thousand human lives, the damage amounted to $ 7 billion, which was 18 of the country's annual budgets. Poverty has become the most acute problem in Tajikistan. According to World Bank data based on a 1999 poverty survey, up to 83% of the country's population was below the poverty line. In order to overcome it, in 2002 the Majlis Namoyandogon Majlisi Oli approved the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper developed by the government. According to the household basic needs assessment method, the poverty rate in Tajikistan fell from 72.4% in 2003 to 53.5% in 2007, and in 2011 it was officially 45%.

The Tajik economy turned out to be heavily dependent on the money earned by labor emigrants. At the end of 2011, according to the World Bank, as a percentage of the country's GDP, Tajikistan became the leader in remittances from migrants, which amounted to 47% of the country's GDP.

Foreign policy

In foreign policy an uneasy relationship developed between Rahmon and Uzbek President Islam Karimov. At a meeting with journalists on December 8, 2009, Rahmon stated that he had fought with Uzbek President Karimov: “I argued with him many times, even fought twice, once Nazarbayev separated us, the second time Kuchma. And I told him: “We will take Samarkand and Bukhara anyway!” .

During his presidency, Rakhmonov managed to resolve a 130-year-old territorial dispute with China. During his visit to Beijing in May 2003, he agreed to cede 1.1 thousand km² to the PRC in the Eastern Pamirs, although initially China claimed 28.5 thousand km² (almost 20% of the territory of Tajikistan). On January 12, 2011, the Parliament of Tajikistan ratified the protocol on the demarcation of the Chinese-Tajik border, according to which 1.1 thousand km² of disputed territories (0.77% of the territory of Tajikistan) were transferred to China.

Transformations in the way of life of society

In 2006, while visiting a rural educational institution, the president noticed false gold teeth in a school teacher. Seeing this, he said: How can we convince international organizations that we are poor if we have rural teachers with gold teeth!” After that, all citizens of Tajikistan were ordered to remove their golden prostheses. Under the editorship of Talbak Nazarov, seven books were published in Tajikistan: "Emomali Rakhmonov - the savior of the nation" (covers the period from 1992 to 1995), "Emomali Rakhmonov - the founder of peace and national unity" (1996-1999), "Emomali Rakhmonov - the beginning stage of creation" (2000-2003), "Emomali Rahmonov - a year equal to centuries" (2004), "Emomali Rahmonov: the year of the culture of peace" (2005) and "Emomali Rahmonov: the year of Aryan civilization" (2006) . The publications were timed to coincide with the 15th anniversary of the country's independence, the 2700th anniversary of the city of Kulyab and the Year of Aryan Civilization, declared by order of the President in 2006.

In July 2009, the President submitted to Parliament a draft of a new language law. In a televised address on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the first language law, he stated: “The greatness of a nation can be judged primarily by how its representatives protect and respect their national language”. The head of state said:

In early October 2009, the country's parliament adopted and the president signed the law "On the State Language". This law establishes the Tajik language as the only language for communication with state authorities and administration, while the Constitution of Tajikistan proclaims Russian as the language of interethnic communication. Commenting on the discussion around the Law on Language, Emomali Rahmon said:

“We do not understand the hype raised in the media around the new law on the state language. The name itself suggests that this law regulates the scope of the Tajik language only. And the Russian language in Tajikistan has a constitutional status - the language of interethnic communication. And no one is going to review it."

Personal life

By religion, Emomali Rakhmonov is a Muslim. In 2007, he ordered that the Qur'an be translated into Tajik.

Family

Emomali Rahmon's father - Sharif Rahmonov participated in the Great Patriotic War, was awarded the Order of Glory of the 2nd and 3rd degrees. Brother Faiziddin Rakhmonov died in the late 1950s in the Lvov region of Ukraine "in the line of duty" while serving in the Soviet Army.

Rahmon has nine children: seven daughters (Firuza, Ozoda, Rukhshona, Tahmina, Parvin, Zarrin and Farzon) and two sons (Rustam and Somon). The first daughter, Firuza, married the son of the chief of the Tajik railway, Amonullo Khukumov.

The eldest son Rustam played for football club"Istiklol", headed the department for supporting small and medium-sized businesses in the State Investment Committee, then was appointed head of the department for combating smuggling and later became president of the Football Federation of Tajikistan.

The second daughter, Ozoda, works as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs. She married the Deputy Minister of Finance of Tajikistan Jamoliddin Nuraliev

The sixth daughter, Zarrina, works as an announcer at the Shabakai Avval state television channel (Channel One).

In June 2012, Rakhmonov's son-in-law (his sister's husband) Kholmumin Safarov, who was the director of the State Enterprise of Forestry and Hunting of the Committee for Protection, was killed. environment under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan. ..

Corruption

Awards

Orders

Medals and other awards

Prize and honorary titles

Publications and works

Notes

The President of Tajikistan has changed his name. BBC (22 March 2007). Archived from the original on May 7, 2012. Retrieved August 16, 2008.
Biography of Emomali Rakhmonov, RIA News (07/11/2006).
Tajikistan: a fragile world. ICG Report No. 30 - Asia, International Crisis Group. - p. 15(December 24, 2001).
ERKIN Y-MAMEDOV. Sessions of republican parliaments (Russian), Newspaper "Kommersant" (21.11.1992).
Vladimir Alekseev. "The session did not lead to peace"(Russian), Newspaper "Kommersant" (05.12.1992).
Oleg Medvedev. The situation in Abkhazia and Tajikistan has escalated (rus.), Newspaper "Kommersant" (08.12.1992).
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October 5 marks 65 years Tajik President Emomali Rahmon. Being in fact the leader of the republic for life, he officially bears the title of "Founder of Peace and National Unity - Leader of the Nation." How did a former electrician, salesman and secretary of the party committee achieve all this?

Emomali Rakhmonov (he had such a surname until 2007) was born in a small village in the Kulyab region of the Tajik SSR and was the third son in a large family. The father of the future president is a veteran of the Great Patriotic War mother is a housewife. After school, Emomali worked as an electrician at an oil plant, in the 1970s he served in the Pacific Fleet, after demobilization he returned to the plant, but then got a job as a salesman. He studied in absentia at the university (Faculty of Economics), was secretary of the board and chairman of the trade union committee of the collective farm, held a position in party bodies. In a few years he rose from the secretary of the party committee of the state farm to the instructor of the district committee, and soon became the director of the state farm. Lenin.

In 1992, Rakhmonov was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Tajik SSR. In 1994, the country held a constitutional referendum and presidential elections. Rakhmonov won them with more than half of the votes.

Evaluated the qualities of a good performer

According to experts, after the collapse of the USSR, two groups competed fiercely in Tajikistan: the former party and economic nomenklatura, supported by Russia and Uzbekistan, and the "Islamic-democratic" opposition. A bloody struggle for power began in the country, which quickly turned into a real civil war.

“I witnessed how Emomali Rahmon, at that time still Rahmonov, was elected chairman of the Supreme Council of Tajikistan,” said AiF. Arkady Dubnov, expert on the countries of Central Asia. - He was then quite timid and thin, a kind of handsome and young chairman of the Kulyab regional executive committee, and before that - a field commander. He never fought for power: he was singled out, appreciated the qualities of a good performer and instructed important work. He was a weak politician, and what kind of politics could there be in Tajikistan in those years, if you do not mean rallies in the squares? Rakhmonov won his most important victory when, with the support of the Soviet army and the Uzbek military, he managed to force out, and in a very bloody way, the armed Tajik opposition from Tajikistan to Afghanistan. And it was a very important milestone on his path to power.”

After being elected president in 1994, Rakhmonov successfully survived armed riots and assassination attempts (in 1997, a grenade was thrown at his motorcade, and in 2001, a terrorist set off explosives near the podium where the head of state spoke). Having defeated the most active oppositionists and competitors, he began to strengthen the vertical of power: for example, he held a referendum on amending the constitution, received the right to run for president in 2006 and hold the presidency for two more 7-year terms.

According to Dubnov, the head of Tajikistan has always relied primarily on those whom he knows well - first they were people from his native Kulyab, and then family members: "He entrusted politics to his brother-in-law, his sister's husband, as well as his daughter Ozoda and son Rustam."

As officially reported, Emomali Rahmon is married to a compatriot, the spouses have 9 children: two sons and 7 daughters. All of them occupy key positions in the country and are connected by marriages with government officials. Son Rustam, for example, led the anti-smuggling department, and then became the mayor of the capital. They say that Emomali Rahmon sees him as a successor - his son allegedly can take the presidential chair in 2020. And in early 2016, Rahmon appointed his daughter Ozoda as head of the presidential administration.

Skillfully maneuvering between the big powers

A number of experts see the merit of Rahmon in the fact that he did not allow Tajikistan to slide into chaos, following the example of the states of North Africa and the Middle East. They say, being a moderately authoritarian leader, he keeps order in a country with a tough hand, which simply does not accept a different style of government.

“You can't compare Tajikistan with Iraq and Libya, the richest oil countries with traditions of independent government,” Dubnov said. — Tajikistan is a very poor country. It has neither oil nor gas. There is also no historical experience of independent state existence. But there is an idea of what kind of power should be on the outskirts of the Soviet empire, and there is an experience of communist party farm building. Perhaps Emomali Rahmon kept his country from chaos, but only because Tajikistan itself was of little interest to anyone from the point of view of big geopolitics.”

However, when China needed some redoubts to protect the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the PRC from Islamic radicals, the Celestial Empire’s attention to Tajikistan increased dramatically, especially since many Uyghurs live in it. The Chinese began to help Dushanbe, including financially, to strengthen the borders, and were even ready to send their military to Tajikistan. Now Rahmon is skillfully maneuvering between Russia and China: Beijing is ready to help Tajikistan financially, while Moscow provides it with military security and gives Tajik guest workers the opportunity to earn money in the Russian Federation, who make a huge contribution to the country's GDP. Plus, Rahmon skillfully exploits the interest in his country from the United States and India.

Not so long ago, Emomali Rahmon managed to resolve the territorial dispute with China, which lasted as much as 130 years. China, in particular, demanded the return of 28.5 thousand km² of Tajik territory. As a result, the President of Tajikistan ceded 1.1 thousand km² in the Eastern Pamirs. This agreement was appreciated even by the Academic Committee of the European Council on Foreign Relations, which awarded Rahmon the title of "Leader of the 21st century."

Struggled with gold teeth and Slavic surnames

In 2006, during a visit to a rural school, Emomali Rahmon noticed false gold teeth in a school teacher and said: “How can we convince international organizations that we are poor if our rural teachers walk around with gold teeth!” After that, all citizens of the country were ordered to remove gold prostheses.

And in 2007, speaking to representatives of the intelligentsia, the leader of the Tajik nation urged them to return to their traditional cultural roots and use national toponymy. In particular, he announced that he had decided to change his own surname from Rakhmonov to Rakhmon. And besides, he forbade by a special decree to register children in the registry offices whose surnames have the Slavic endings “-ev” and “-ov” (at the same time, only Persian spellings were allowed to be used).

In 2009, Rahmon signed the Law on the State Language, which made Tajik the only language for communication with state authorities, while the country's Constitution proclaimed Russian as the language of interethnic communication. And in 2010, the parliament adopted amendments, according to which all laws and regulations in the official press should be published only in the Tajik language - so Russian was completely excluded from office work. In addition, under Emomali Rahmon in Tajikistan, there was a wave of renaming of Soviet settlements: for example, the city of Chkalovsk became Buston, the Leninabad region - Sogd, villages, mountain peaks and streets were renamed, bearing the names of Russian and Soviet idols - Pushkin, Gogol, Gagarin, etc.

Rahmon's authoritarian "habits" have certainly become the subject of criticism from the liberal press. “And yet to equate his rule with a cult of personality Niyazov in Turkmenistan, Karimov in Uzbekistan or Kim Jong Un in the DPRK is not necessary, - says Dubnov. — In Tajikistan, there is a relative, compared to the same Turkmenistan, freedom of speech. On the Internet, you can publish opinions there that are quite risky from the point of view of official propaganda. And the Tajiks themselves are much more freedom-loving than their neighbors, and less subject to the shouting of their superiors.”

In 2013, Rahmon was re-elected for the 4th time in the presidential elections. And in 2015, he ratified a law that allowed him to hold the post of head of state for life. After a referendum in 2016, the Constitution was amended to remove the limit on the number of re-elections to the post of head of state.

“There are hypothetical threats to Rahmon, first of all, from his inner circle,” Dubnov believes. - If the president's behavior ceases to suit those who support him today, these people can take some "restrictive measures" against him. But the transfer of power to his son Rustam still looks extremely unlikely. Much more influential is his daughter Ozoda, who, by the way, has a very tense relationship with her brother.

A difficult figure is Emomali Rahmon, a Tajik political figure, and the attitude of compatriots and foreign colleagues towards him is very ambiguous. Many coups and rebellions fell to the share of this talented organizer. His transformations and reforms, even for his countrymen, sometimes seem rather strange and ineffective. There has been a lot of criticism of him lately. In order to better understand what drives this figure, you need to turn to his roots, family, to the time when the future president of Tajikistan was just taking his first steps in the political arena.

Family

What do we know about Emomali's relatives? The future president was born on October 5, 1952. He became the third child. At that time, the Emomali family lived in the Kulyab region, in the village of Dangara, in the Tajik SSR. The boy was very proud of his father and older brother. Sharif Rakhmonov, Emomali's dad, was a participant in the Great Patriotic War. He was awarded the 2nd and 3rd degrees. Unfortunately, the brother of the future Tajik president, Faiziddin Rakhmonov, died in the line of duty at the end of 1950 in the Lvov region, Ukraine. The politician's mother, Mairam Sharifova, died at the age of 94 in 2004. This was a great loss for our hero.

early years

Our hero grew up and soon went to high school, which he successfully graduated from. The family did not have enough money. The young man did not have the opportunity to study further at that time. After graduating from school, Emomali Rahmon went to work at an oil plant in Kurgan-Tyube as an electrician.

After that, he served in the Pacific Fleet for three years, from 1971 to 1974. Then Emomali returned to the plant to his specialty. The young man was very purposeful. He entered the Tajik State University to the correspondence department and successfully graduated from it in the future. There wasn't enough money. He took on any job, even managing to work hard as a salesman. From 1976 to 1988, Emomali worked first as a secretary of the board on a collective farm in the Kulyab region, then as chairman of the trade union committee here, then in party bodies. Soon, the purposeful young man becomes the director of a state farm in the Dangara region of the same region. In 1992, Emomali was elected to the post of deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Tajik SSR.

Children

What does the president dream about in his spare time? That his children and grandchildren will have a happy life. And he, for his part, will do everything for this. From childhood, our hero dreamed that he would have a very large family. Everything came true. He has nine children: two sons (Somon and Rustam) and seven daughters (Firuza, Rukhshona, Ozoda, Takhmina, Zarrin, Parvin and Farzon). Let's try to trace the fate of some of them:

Emomali Rahmon's eldest daughter, Firuza, became Amonullo Hukumov, head of the Tajik railway.

Son Rustam, born in 1987, once graduated from the Tajik National University, was a student of MGIMO courses. In his career, everything turned out as well as possible, probably not without the help of an influential father. Initially, he headed the Business Support Department at the State Committee, then worked to combat smuggling. A little later, he took over as president of the Football Federation of Tajikistan (once he himself played football for the Istiklol club). In 2009, Rustam married the daughter of an influential manager of a large food production in the city of Dushanbe. This wedding took place on a grand scale. Emomali Rahmon spared no expense for this. It was officially announced that the celebration was held within the framework of the presidential bill "On streamlining celebrations, traditions and rituals." In fact, it turned out that the rules were violated. The film from the video of the wedding fell into the hands of the opposition, who hurried to publish it, providing appropriate, discrediting Emomali comments.

Second daughter named Ozoda. She also received a good education. She graduated from the Tajik National State University with a degree in law. Then she studied at the University of Maryland and Georgetown University, which is located in Washington. After that, Ozoda worked for some time at the Tajik embassy in the United States. In 2009, she was appointed Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of her home state. It is easy to guess under whose patronage she quickly and rapidly makes a career. Her husband was Jamoliddin Nuraliev, Deputy Minister of Finance of Tajikistan.

Another daughter of the president - Parvina - married the son of the Chairman State Committee for the management of state property Ashraf Gulov. Her second chosen one was Sherali Gulov, Minister of Energy and Industry.

Daughter Zarrin works as an announcer on one of the main TV channels in Tajikistan. Her husband was Siyovush Zukhurov, the son of the head of the communications service, the champion of international boxing competitions.

Civil war in Tajikistan

How did Emomali Rahmon come to power? A significant role in this was played by the civil war that unfolded in the state after the collapse of the USSR. After Tajikistan gained independence, Rahmon Nabiev became its head. However, the opposition represented by the Islamists, inspired by the fall of the former regime, strengthened and attempted to overthrow it. Under the pressure of these forces, Nabiev was forced to leave the political arena.

Power in Tajikistan has passed into the hands of the opposition. Only groups led by Sangak Safarov and Faizali Saidov could resist her. This is where the story of Emomali begins. Rakhmonov joined Safarov's association. Unrest in the country resulted in a civil war. In 1992, Emomali became the chairman of the Kulyab regional executive committee, and then the chairman of the Supreme Council. The so-called "Kulyabians" became the dominant force in Tajikistan. They were supported by Russia and Uzbekistan, which were against possible Islamization within the country. On November 6, 1994, presidential elections and a referendum on a new constitution were held in the state. As a result of voting, Emomali Rakhmonov won a crushing victory for his opponents. The opposition claimed that the newly elected president of Tajikistan falsified the election results. Shortly thereafter, Mahmud Khudoyberdiyev, commander of the 1st motorized rifle brigade, mutinied in the city of Kurgan-Tyube and then in Tursunzade. He demanded the resignation of many high-ranking officials of the country. Emomali had to yield a little to the rebels and remove some of the leaders of the supreme power from their posts.

Fighting the opposition

Emomali Rahmon is reshuffling the government. But the riots don't end. There are many dissatisfied with the new president of Tajikistan. Several assassination attempts are made on him. The first happened on April 30, 1997 in the city of Khujand. Unknown people threw a grenade at the president's motorcade. In the same year, a rebellion was raised in the city, which spread beyond its borders. Emomali suppressed it, and then began to get rid of his opponents. How? Through arrests. Many oppositionists were detained even outside of Tajikistan and extradited to their homeland. There they were awaited by a prison and long-term sentences. On November 8, 2001, a second assassination attempt was made on the president. In none of them did the politician suffer.

Strengthening in power

In 2003, a referendum was held in Tajikistan, as a result of which amendments were to be made to the Constitution. The main amendment to the law concerned the tenure of the president in office. Previously, it was 4 years. Now the president of Tajikistan had the right to lead the country for 7 years. Most voters supported Emomali, which allowed him to rule the state for another 14 years (2 terms) since 2006. Also, changes were made to the Constitution of the country regarding the age of the president. Restrictions on this issue have been lifted.

Finding ways out of the crisis and optimizing government spending

Even before Soviet Union collapsed, Tajikistan was considered one of the poorest republics. The civil war, which began in the country immediately after the collapse of the USSR, inflicted enormous damage on it, which is estimated by economists at $7 billion. She claimed 60-150 thousand human lives. To this day, the main problem of the state is the insecurity of citizens. According to the World Bank, in 1999 up to 83% of Tajik citizens were below the poverty line. In order to overcome this problem, in 2002 the government developed and approved the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. As a result of its implementation, the indicator of material security of the population has increased markedly. The President of Tajikistan followed other steps taken to reduce the level of poverty in the country. Thus, Emomali Rahmon staked on the hydropower resources of the state, having completed the construction of the largest hydroelectric power station in Central Asia - Rogun. Russia and Uzbekistan also participated in the project. However, these measures did not have the desired effect on the country's economy. But this had a negative impact on relations with the project participants. and to this day is very dependent on the funds earned by citizens outside the country.

Controversial transformations in the way of life of fellow citizens

The President of Tajikistan, trying to bring the country out of a severe economic crisis, carried out several reforms that can hardly be called effective and efficient. Even among his fellow citizens, they cause bewilderment. So, when visiting one of the schools in 2006, the politician noticed that one of the teachers had golden crowns. After that, all citizens of the state were ordered to get rid of such "luxury". Moreover, the leader of the country banned the holding of magnificent solemn ceremonies and holidays in order to save the savings of compatriots. Schools no longer held last bells and weddings and funerals were also forbidden to hold in pomp. Bachelor parties, bachelorette parties, bridesmaids were also canceled. Anyone who dared to break the law was supposed to pay a fine. It is worth recognizing that all these innovations were not obliged to be carried out by the family of Emomali Rahmon. The photo of the magnificent wedding of the president's son Rustam was on the front pages of all local newspapers. The leader of the country also had other transformations concerning the way of life of fellow citizens. So, in 2007, he ordered to issue a decree on changing Tajik surnames. He also changed his. Now it sounded not "Rahmonov", but "Rahmon". It was forbidden for registry offices to register children whose last names ended in "-ov" and "-ev".

Relationship with Islam Karimov

How the enmity between the two presidents began is now difficult to restore. It seems that Emomali Rahmon and Islom Karimov have been disliking each other for a long time. Some journalists claim that the Tajik president, at a meeting dedicated to the construction negotiations, spoke sharply against his Uzbek counterpart. According to Rahmon himself, he not only argued and cursed with Karimov, but even got into a fight several times.

Criticism of the President

“Emomali Rahmon and his family are involved in corruption” - these words in Tajikistan were not repeated, perhaps, only by the lazy ones. If we trace how the relatives of the president receive high ranks and posts, then there is no doubt about this statement. Moreover, the involvement of the leader of this country in large-scale corruption is also evidenced by the fact that US diplomatic cables were leaked from Wikileaks. So, in one of the documents from 2010 from the American embassy in Tajikistan, it is said that the president's relatives, headed by him, are in charge of big business, protecting their personal interests to the detriment of the country's economy. Most of companies' income is deposited in hidden offshore firms, bypassing the state treasury.

Awards

The President of Tajikistan has many orders, medals and titles. Among them:

Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Three Stars.

Order of Merit, 1st class

Order "Hero of the Republic of Tajikistan".

Ruby star "Peacemaker".

United Nations Peace Prize.

This is just a small list of awards that Emomali Rahmon has. 2014 was a difficult year for him. He seeks to strengthen relations with his foreign counterparts. Regular meetings and discussions are held with V. Putin, A. Lukashenko and other leaders of foreign states.

The Tajik president is a highly controversial figure in the global political arena. This is evidenced by his biography. Emomali Rahmon is an outstanding leader despite various rumors about his rule. And it's hard to disagree with that.